Major Leadership Election Contests in the Senate, 94th-111th Congresses







Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress



This report contains data on elections in the Democratic and Republican party conferences for thth
principal congressional leaders within each party for the 94 through the 111 Congresses . It
reflects actual balloting. Also identified are the six Senators who have served as President pro
tempore of the Senate, the two who have served as deputy President pro tempore, and the three
Senators who have served as President pro tempore emeritus. These are largely positions of
honor, for which there is no formal election in either party conference.
Other tables provide the names and states of the candidates for each major party office, the
Congress(es) in which they were running, and the votes they received. Also noted are Senators
elected with no opposition.
In numerous instances, leaders were selected without opposition. In cases where published
accounts did not mention contests for a particular office, it was assumed there was only one
candidate. The data do not include notices of announced candidacies that were abandoned before
conference voting took place.
This report will be updated as necessary.






Introduc tion ..................................................................................................................................... 1
Table 1. Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate...............................................................................2
Table 2. Presidents Pro Tempore Emeritus of the Senate................................................................3
Table 3. Deputy Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate...................................................................3
Table 4. Senate Democratic Floor Leaders and Conference Chairmen...........................................3
Table 5. Senate Republican Floor Leaders......................................................................................4
Table 6. Senate Democratic Whips..................................................................................................6
Table 7. Senate Republican Whips..................................................................................................7
Table 8. Senate Democratic Caucus Vice Chair..............................................................................8
Table 9. Senate Republican Conference Chairmen.........................................................................8
Table 10. Senate Democratic Conference Secretaries.....................................................................9
Table 11. Senate Republican Policy Committee Chairmen.............................................................9
Table 12. Senate Democratic Policy Committee...........................................................................10
Table 13. Senate Republican Conference Secretaries/Vice Chair..................................................11
Table 14. Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairmen...............................................12
Table 15. National Republican Senatorial Committee Chairmen..................................................12
Author Contact Information..........................................................................................................13






This report contains balloting data on the elections in the Democratic and Republican party thth
conferences for principal congressional leaders for the 94 through the 111 Congresses. Table 1
identifies the seven Senators who have served as President pro tempore of the Senate. This
position is generally reserved for the majority party Senator with the party’s longest continuous
Senate service, but there is no formal election in either party conference for the position.
Table 2 identifies the three Senators who have been designated to the honorary position of
President pro tempore emeritus, and Table 3 identifies the two Senators who have been elected to
the honorary position of deputy President pro tempore, positions for which there is no formal
election by either party.
The other tables provide the names and states of the candidates for each major party office, the
Congress(es) in which they ran, and the votes they received. Also noted are Senators elected with
no opposition. Although most conference balloting took place prior to the convening of a new
Congress, in some cases leadership elections were held to fill vacancies during a Congress. th
During the course of the 107 Congress, the majority party switched, thus causing changes in the
positions of majority leader and majority whip.
Tables 4-13 provide data on elections for the positions of:
• Senate Democratic Floor Leaders and Conference Chairmen
• Senate Republican Floor Leaders
• Senate Democratic Whips
• Senate Republican Whips
• Senate Democratic Conference Vice Chair
• Senate Republican Conference Chairmen
• Senate Democratic Conference Secretaries
• Senate Republican Policy Committee Chairmen
• Senate Republican Conference Secretaries
• Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairmen
• National Republican Senatorial Committee Chairmen
In numerous instances, leaders were selected without opposition. Where races were contested, th
most were decided after one ballot. However, in the 99 Congress, it took four ballots to elect the ndth
Republican floor leader and two ballots to elect the Republican whip. In the 102 and 104
Congresses, two ballots were needed to elect the chairman of the Senate Republican Policy
Committee. When published accounts did not mention a contest for a particular office, it was
assumed there was only one candidate. The data do not include notices of announced candidacies
that were abandoned before conference voting took place.





Table 1. Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate
Congress President Pro Tempore State Date Electeda
94th James O. Eastland D-MS no election
95th James O. Eastland D-MS no election
96th Warren G. Magnuson D-WA Jan. 15, 1979
96th Milton R. Youngb R-ND Dec. 4, 1980
97th Strom Thurmond R-SC Jan. 5, 1981
98th Strom Thurmond R-SC no election
99th Strom Thurmond R-SC no election
100th John C. Stennis D-MS Jan. 6, 1987
101st Robert C. Byrd D-WV Jan. 3, 1989
102nd Robert C. Byrd D-WV no election
103rd Robert C. Byrd D-WV no election
104th Strom Thurmond R-SC Jan. 4, 1995
105th Strom Thurmond R-SC no election
106th Strom Thurmond R-SC no election
107th Strom Thurmond R-SC no election
107th Robert C. Byrd D-WV June 6, 2001c
108th Ted Stevens R-AK Jan. 7, 2003
109th Ted Stevens R-AK no election
110th Robert C. Byrd D-WV Jan. 4, 2007
111th Robert C. Byrdd D-WV no election
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. The President pro tempore of the Senate is one of only three legislative officers established by the U.S.
Constitution. The other two are the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Vice President of the
United States, who also serves as President of the Senate. The Constitution designates the President pro
tempore to serve in the Vice President’s absence. The Senate generally elects by resolution a specified
Senator president pro tempore. These resolutions are usually agreed to by voice vote. On rare occasions,
the minority has offered an amendment naming its candidate. Such an amendment is normally defeated by
voice vote. The President pro tempore is not reelected at the beginning of a Congress unless party control
changes, or the Senator serving as President pro tempore has been elected to a new Senate term. Prior to
1890, the Senate elected a President pro tempore whenever the Vice President was not in attendance.
When the Vice President returned, the President pro tempore lost his place. When the Vice President was
again absent, the Senate elected a President pro tempore, in many instances the same Senator who had
previously occupied the office. By the standing order agreed to on March 12, 1890, the Senate declared that
the President pro tempore shall hold the office during “the pleasure of the Senate and until another is
elected, and shall execute the duties thereof during all future absences of the Vice President until the Senate
does otherwise order.” Contemporary Presidents pro tempore now serve as long as their party holds a
majority in the Senate.
b. Senator Young was elected to serve as President pro tempore for one day prior to his Senate retirement.
His party was in the minority at the time. Senator Magnuson then resumed the presidency pro tempore for th
the balance of the 96 Congress.





c. Senator Byrd was elected President pro tempore for the 107th Congress when the Democrats regained
control of the Senate on June 6, 2001. See “Election of the Honorable Robert C. Byrd as President Pro
Tempore,” Congressional Record, vol. 147, June 6, 2001, pp. 10013.
d. Senator Byrd is expected to serve as Senate President pro tempore in the 111th Congress.
Table 2. Presidents Pro Tempore Emeritus of the Senate
Congress(es) President Pro Tempore Emeritus Party—State Dates
107th Strom Thurmonda R-SC June 6, 2001-Jan. 3, 2003
108th-109th Robert C. Byrdb D-WV Jan. 15, 2003-Jan. 4, 2007
110th Ted Stevens R-AK Jan. 4, 2007-present
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. When the Senate party control changed in June 2001, Senator Thurmond, who had been Senate President
pro tempore, was designated President pro tempore emeritus. See “Thanking and Electing Strom
Thurmond President Pro Tempore Emeritus,” Congressional Record, vol. 147, June 6, 2001, pp. 10013-10014.
b. The Senate designated Senator Byrd President pro tempore emeritus after the convening of the 108th
Congress and the election of Senator Stevens as President pro tempore. See “Thanks to the Honorable
Robert C. Byrd and His Designation as President Pro Tempore Emeritus,” Congressional Record, vol. 149,
January 15, 2003, p. 1075.
Table 3. Deputy Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate
Congress Deputy President Pro Tempore Party—State Dates
95th Hubert H. Humphrey D—MN Jan. 5, 1977-Jan. 13, 1978
100th George J. Mitchella D—ME Jan. 28, 1987-Nov. 29, 1988b
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
Pursuant to S.Res. 17, agreed to January 10, 1977, the Senate established (effective January 5, 1977) the post of
deputy President pro tempore of the Senate to be held by “any Member of the Senate who has held the Office
of President of the United States or Vice President of the United States.” Senator Hubert H. Humphrey of
Minnesota held this position until his death on January 13, 1978. See “Establishment of the Office of Deputy
President Pro Tempore of the Senate, and for Other Purposes,”Congressional Record, vol. 123, Jan. 10, 1977, p.
457.
a. On January 28, 1987, the Senate agreed to S.Res. 90, authorizing the Senate to designate a Senator to serve th
as deputy President pro tempore during the 100 Congress, in addition to Senators who held such office th
under the authority of S.Res. 17, 95 Congress. Accordingly, on the same date the Senate agreed to S.Res.
91, designating Senator George J. Mitchell of Maine deputy President pro tempore. See “Designation of a
Deputy President Pro Tempore of the Senate and Designating Senator George J. Mitchell As Deputy
President Pro Tempore of the Senate,” Congressional Record, vol. 133, Jan. 28, 1987, pp. 2167-2168.
b. On November 29, 1988, Senator Mitchell was elected majority leader for the 101st Congress.
Table 4. Senate Democratic Floor Leaders and Conference Chairmen
Congress Candidates State Votes
94tha Michael J. Mansfield MT no opposition
95thab Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition





Congress Candidates State Votes
96tha Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition
97tha Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition
98tha Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition
99tha Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition
100tha Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition
George J. Mitchellc ME 27 101sta
Daniel K. Inouye HI 14
J. Bennett Johnston LA 14
102nda George J. Mitchell ME no opposition
103rda George J. Mitchell ME no opposition
Thomas Daschle SD 24 104th
Christopher J. Dodd CT 23
105th Thomas A. Daschle SD no opposition
106th Thomas A. Daschle SD no opposition
107tha Thomas A. Daschled SD no opposition
108th Thomas A. Daschle SD no opposition
109th Harry Reid NV no opposition
110tha Harry Reid NV no opposition
111tha Harry Reid NV no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts..
a. Indicates Congresses in which the floor leader was also the majority leader. Until the 101st Congress, the st
Democratic leader was also the chairman of the Senate Democratic Policy Committee. From the 101
Congress (1989-1991) through the 106th Congress (1999-2001), the Senate Democratic leader apppointed a th
co-chair to serve with him on the Policy Committee. Since the 107 Congress (2001), the Democratic
Leader has appointed the chair of the Senate Democratic Policy Committee.
b. Senator Hubert Humphrey (D-MN) withdrew from the race the morning of the election.
c. Although Senator Mitchell fell one vote short of the necessary majority on the first ballot, the other
candidates immediately withdrew, and he was elected by acclamation.
d. Senator Daschle became majority leader on June 6, 2001, when the Democrats regained control of the
Senate.
Table 5. Senate Republican Floor Leaders
Congress Candidates State Votes
94th Hugh D. Scott PA no opposition
Howard H. Baker TN 19 95th
Robert P. Griffin MI 18
96th Howard H. Baker TN no opposition
97tha Howard H. Baker TN no opposition





Congress Candidates State Votes
98tha Howard H. Baker TN no opposition
1st Ballot 99tha
Robert J. Dole KS 14
Ted Stevens AK 12
Richard G. Lugar IN 10
Pete V. Domenici NM 9
James A. McClure ID 8
2nd Ballot
Robert J. Dole KS 17
Ted Stevens AK 14
Richard G. Lugar IN 12
Pete V. Domenici NM 10
3rd Ballot
Robert J. Dole KS 20
Ted Stevens AK 20
Richard G. Lugar IN 13
4th Ballot
Robert J. Dole KS 28
Ted Stevens AK 25
100th Robert J. Dole KS no opposition
101st Robert J. Dole KS no opposition
102nd Robert J. Dole KS no opposition
103rd Robert J. Dole KS no opposition
Initial Election 104tha
Robert J. Doleb KS no opposition
Replacement Election of June 12, 1996
Trent Lott MS 44
Thad Cochran MS 8
105tha Trent Lott MS no opposition
106tha Trent Lott MS no opposition
107tha Trent Lottc MS no opposition
108tha Trent Lottd MS no opposition
Replacement Election of December 23, 2002 108tha
William Friste TN no opposition
109tha William Frist TN no opposition
110th Mitch McConnell KY no opposition





Congress Candidates State Votes
111th Mitch McConnell KY no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. Indicates Congresses in which the floor leader was also the majority leader.
b. Senator Dole resigned from the Senate on June 11, 1996, to campaign for the office of President of the
United States.
c. Senator Lott lost the majority leader position on June 6, 2001, when the Democrats regained control of the
Senate.
d. Senator Lott resigned as majority leader effective January 6, 2003.
e. For the first time in history, the Republican leader was elected in a conference call of Republican Senators.
Senator Frist’s election as Senate majority leader was effective January 6, 2003.
Table 6. Senate Democratic Whips
Congress Candidates State Votes
94th Robert C. Byrd WV no opposition
95th Alan M. Cranston CA no opposition
96th Alan M. Cranston CA no opposition
97th Alan M. Cranston CA no opposition
98th Alan M. Cranston CA no opposition
99th Alan M. Cranston CA no opposition
100th Alan M. Cranston CA no opposition
Alan M. Cranston CA 30 101st
Wendell H. Forda KY 12
102nd Wendell H. Ford KY no opposition
103rd Wendell H. Ford KY no opposition
104th Wendell H. Ford KY no opposition
105th Wendell H. Ford KY no opposition
106th Harry Reid NV no opposition
107th Harry Reid NV no opposition
108th Harry Reid NV no opposition
109th Richard Durbin IL no opposition
110th Richard Durbin IL no opposition
111th Richard Durbin IL no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. Subsequently, Senator Ford moved to make Senator Cranston’s reelection unanimous.





Table 7. Senate Republican Whips
Congress Candidates State Votes
94th Robert P. Griffin MI no opposition
95th Ted Stevens AK no opposition
96th Ted Stevens AK no opposition
97th Ted Stevens AK no opposition
98th Ted Stevens AK no opposition
lst Ballot 99th
Alan K. Simpson WY 22
Slade Gorton WA 16
Robert W. Kasten WI 15
2nd Ballot
Alan K. Simpson WY 31
Slade Gorton WA 22
100th Alan K. Simpson WY no opposition
101st Alan K. Simpson WY no opposition
102nd Alan K. Simpson WY no opposition
Alan K. Simpson WY 25 103rd
Slade Gorton WA 14
Initial Election 104th
Trent Lotta MS 27
Alan K. Simpson WY 26
Replacement Election of June 12, 1996a
Don Nickles OK no opposition
105th Don Nickles OK no opposition
106th Don Nickles OK no opposition
107th Don Nickles OK no opposition
108th Mitch McConnell KY no opposition
109th Mitch McConnell KY no opposition
Trent Lott MS 25 votes 110th
Lamar Alexander TN 24 votes
Replacement Election of December 6, 2007
Jon Kyl AZ no opposition
111th Jon Kyl AZ no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. Senator Lott was elected majority leader on June 12, 1996, and Senator Nickels was chosen as his
replacement.





Table 8. Senate Democratic Caucus Vice Chair
Congress Candidate State Votes
110tha Charles E. Schumer NY No opposition
1111th Charles E. Schumer NY No opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. This is a new position created in the 110th Congress. It is the third highest position in the Senate
Democratic leadership.
Table 9. Senate Republican Conference Chairmen
Congress Candidates State Votes
Carl T. Curtis NE 23 94th
Jacob K. Javits NY 14
95th Carl T. Curtis NE no opposition
Robert W. Packwood OR 22 96th
James A. McClure ID 19
James A. McClure ID 33 97th
H. John Heinz, III PA 20
98th James A. McClure ID no opposition
John H. Chafee RI 28 99th
Edward J. (Jake) Garn UT 25
100th John H. Chafee RI no opposition
John H. Chafee RI 28 101st
Frank H. Murkowski AK 17
Thad Cochran MS 22 102nd
John H. Chafee RI 21
103rd Thad Cochran MS no opposition
104th Thad Cochran MS no opposition
105th Connie Mack FL no opposition
106th Connie Mack FL no opposition
Rick Santorum PA 30 107th
Christopher Bond MO 20
108th Rick Santorum PA no opposition
109th Rick Santorum PA no opposition
Jon Kyl AZ no opposition 110th
Replacement Election of December 6, 2007
Lamar Alexander TN 31
Richard Burr NC 16





Congress Candidates State Votes
111th Lamar Alexander TN no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
Table 10. Senate Democratic Conference Secretaries
Congress Candidates State Votes
94th Frank E. Moss UT no opposition
95th Daniel K. Inouye HI no opposition
96th Daniel K. Inouye HI no opposition
97th Daniel K. Inouye HI no opposition
98th Daniel K. Inouye HI no opposition
99th Daniel K. Inouye HI no opposition
100th Daniel K. Inouye HI no opposition
David H. Pryora AR - st
101 Patrick J. Leahy VT -
102nd David H. Pryor AR no opposition
103rd David H. Pryor AR no opposition
104th Barbara A. Mikulski MD no opposition
105th Barbara A. Mikulski MD no opposition
106th Barbara A. Mikulski MD no opposition
107th Barbara A. Mikulski MD no opposition
108th Barbara A. Mikulski MD no opposition
109th Debbie Stabenow MI no opposition
110th Patty Murray WA no opposition
111th Patty Murray WA no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. After Senator Pryor received 28 votes, he was declared the winner by acclamation. No other votes were
reported.
Table 11. Senate Republican Policy Committee Chairmen
Congress Candidates State Votes
94th John G. Tower TX no opposition
95th John G. Tower TX no opposition
96th John G. Tower TX no opposition
97th John G. Tower TX no opposition
98th John G. Tower TX no opposition
99th William L. Armstrong CO no opposition





Congress Candidates State Votes
100th William L. Armstrong CO no opposition
101st William L. Armstrong CO no opposition
1st Ballot 102nd
Don Nickles OK 21
Pete V. Domenici NM 21
2nd Ballot
Don Nickles OK 23
Pete V. Domenici NM 20
103rd Don Nickles OK no opposition
Initial Election 104th
Don Nicklesa OK no opposition
Replacement Election of June 12, 1996 - 1st Ballot
Larry E. Craig ID 26
Daniel R. Coats IN 18
Robert F. Bennett UT 8
2nd Ballot
Larry E. Craig ID 30
Daniel R. Coats IN 22
105th Larry E. Craig ID no opposition
106th Larry E. Craig ID no opposition
Larry E. Craig ID 26 107th
Pete V. Domenici NM 24
108th Jon Kyl AZ no opposition
109th Jon Kyl AZ no opposition
110th Kay Bailey Hutchison TX no oppostion
111th John Ensign NV no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. Senator Craig was elected Republican whip on June 12, 1996, to fill the vacancy caused by the election of
Senator Nickels as Republican Whip.
Table 12. Senate Democratic Policy Committee
Congress Candidates State Votesa
101sta Thomas A. Daschle SD -
102nd Thomas A. Daschle SD -
103rd Thomas A. Daschle SD -
104th Harry Reid NV -





Congress Candidates State Votesa
105th Harry Reid NV -
106th Byron Dorgan ND -
107th Byron Dorgan ND -
108th Byron Dorgan ND -
109th Byron Dorgan ND -
110th Byron Dorgan ND -
111th Byron Dorgan ND -
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. Until the 101st Congress, the Democratic leader was also the chairman of the Senate Democratic Policy stth
Committee. From the 101 Congress (1989-1991) through the 106 Congress (1999-2001), the Senate
Democratic leader apppointed a co-chair to serve with him on the Policy Committee. Since the 107th
Congress (2001), the Democratic Leader has appointed the chair of the Senate Democratic Policy
Committee.
Table 13. Senate Republican Conference Secretaries/Vice Chair
Congress Candidates State Votes
94thb Robert T. Stafford VT no opposition
Clifford P. Hansen WY 20 95th
Robert T. Stafford VT 17
Edward J. (Jake) Garn UT 21 96th
John H. Chafee RI 19
97th Edward J. (Jake) Garn UT no opposition
98th Edward J. (Jake) Garn UT no opposition
Thad Cochran MS 32 99th
Rudy E. Boschwitz MN 21
100th Thad Cochran MS no opposition
101st Thad Cochran MS no opposition
Robert W. Kasten WI 26 102nd
Christopher S. Bond MO 17
Trent Lott MS 20
Christopher S. Bond MO 14 103rd
Frank H. Murkowski AK 5
104th Connie Mack FL no opposition
Paul D. Coverdell GA 41 105th
Conrad R. Burns MT 14
106th Paul D. Coverdella GA no opposition
107th Kay Bailey Hutchison TX no opposition
108th Kay Bailey Hutchison TX no opposition





Congress Candidates State Votes
109th Kay Bailey Hutchison TX no opposition
110th John Cornyn TX no opposition
111th John Thune SD no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. Died on July 18, 2000; position left vacant for the remainder of the 106th Congress.
b. Since the 108th Congress (2003-2005), the caucus secretary position has been known as vice chair of the
Senate Republican Conference.
Table 14. Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairmen
Congress Candidates State Votesa
94th J. Bennett Johnston LA -
95th Wendell H. Ford KY -
96th Wendell H. Ford KY -
97th Wendell H. Ford KY -
98th Lloyd M. Bentsen TX -
99th John F. Kerry MA -
100th George J. Mitchell ME -
101st John B. Breaux LA -
102nd Charles S. Robb VA -
103rd Bob Graham FL
104th J. Robert Kerrey NE -
105th J. Robert Kerrey NE -
106th Robert G. Torricelli NJ -
107th Patty Murray WA
108th Jon Corzine NJ -
109th Charles E. Schumer NY -
110th Charles E. Schumer NY -
111th Robert Menendez NJ -
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.
a. The chairmen of the Senate Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee have always been appointed
by the Senate Democratic leader.
Table 15. National Republican Senatorial Committee Chairmen
Congress Candidates State Votes
94th Ted Stevens AK no opposition
95th Robert W. Packwood OR no opposition





Congress Candidates State Votes
H. John Heinz III PA 21 96th
Orrin G. Hatch UT 20
97th Robert W. Packwood OR no opposition
Richard G. Lugar IN 29 98th
Robert W. Packwood OR 25
H. John Heinz III PA 27 99th
Malcolm Wallop WY 26
100th Rudy E. Boschwitz MN no opposition
Don Nickles OK 28 101st
John S. McCain AZ 17
Phil Gramm TX 26 102nd
Mitch McConnell KY 17
Phil Gramm TX 20 rd
103 Mitch McConnell KY 19
104th Mitch McConnell KY no opposition
105th Mitch McConnell KY no opposition
Mitch McConnell KY 39 106th
Chuck Hagel NE 13
107th William Frist TN no opposition
108th George Allen VA no opposition
Elizabeth Dole NC 28 109th
Norm Coleman MN 27
110th John Ensign NV no opposition
111th John Cornyn TX no opposition
Sources: Compiled by CRS from various Congressional Quarterly, Inc., publications as well as Congressional Staff
Directories and press accounts.

Mildred Amer
Specialist on the Congress
mamer@crs.loc.gov, 7-8304