Electric Utility Policy: Comparison of House-Passed H.R. 6 and S.Amdt. 1412

CRS Report for Congress
Electric Utility Policy: Comparison of
House-Passed H.R. 6 and S.Amdt. 1412,
th
108 Congress
Updated August 26, 2003
Amy Abel
Specialist in Energy Policy
Resources, Science, and Industry Division

Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

Electric Utility Policy: Comparison of House-Passed
H.R. 6 and S.Amdt. 1412, 108^th Congress
Summary
Electric utility provisions are included in comprehensive energy legislation that
has passed both the House and Senate. The House passed H.R. 6 on April 11, 2003.
On July 31, 2003, the Senate suspended debate on S. 14, the comprehensive energy
bill that had been reported by the Energy and Natural Resources Committee. It then
passed H.R. 6 with the text of the Senate-passed version of H.R. 4 from the 107^th
Congress. For a comparison of the House- and Senate-passed versions of H.R. 6, see
CRS Report RL32033, Omnibus Energy Legislation (H.R. 6): Side-by-Side
Comparison of Non-Tax Provisions.
Before debate on S. 14 was suspended, Senator Domenici proposed S.Amdt.
1412 on July 29, 2003, to completely replace the electricity title of S. 14 as
introduced in the Senate. The proposed amendment was withdrawn on July 31, 2003.
Although S.Amdt. 1412 is not included in the Senate-passed bill that will be
considered in conference, there are indications that provisions of the amendment
might be brought up.
Both the House-passed electricity provisions in H.R. 6 and those in S.Amdt.
1412 would give limited rate authority to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
(FERC) over municipal and cooperative transmission systems; create an electric
reliability organization; repeal the Public Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA)
and give FERC and state public utility commissions access to books and records;
prospectively repeal the mandatory purchase requirement of the Public Utility
Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA); explicitly prohibit round-trip trading; establish
market transparency rules; protect native load consumers (existing customers); and
increase criminal penalties under the Federal Power Act.
Title VI of the House-passed H.R. 6 would, in part, provide for incentive-based
transmission rates, allow transmission owners in certain instances to exercise the
right of eminent domain to site new transmission lines, create an electric reliability
organization, and clarify the right of transmission owners to serve existing customers
(native load). Unlike the House-passed H.R. 6, S.Amdt. 1412 does not contain
provisions that would allow transmission owners to exercise the right of eminent
domain to site new transmission lines.
S.Amdt. 1412 contains provisions that are not included in the House-passed
H.R. 6. These include provisions that prohibit FERC from requiring utilities to
transfer operational control of transmission facilities to a regional transmission
organization (RTO), give authority to power marketing administrations and the
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to join RTOs, remand the FERC Standard Market
Design (SMD) notice of proposed rulemaking, and strengthen FERC’s merger review
authority.
This report will not be updated.

Contents
In troduction ......................................................1
Definitions .......................................................3
Transmission Capacity..............................................3
Transmission Operation.............................................8
Reliability .......................................................13
Public Utility Holding Company Act Amendments......................15
Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) Amendments.............21
Renewable Energy................................................24
Market Transparency, Round Trip Trading Prohibition, and Enforcement.....26
Consumer Protections.............................................29
Merger Review Reform and Accountability............................34
Study of Economic Dispatch........................................35

Electric Utility Policy: Comparison of
House-Passed H.R. 6 and S.Amdt. 1412,
th
108 Congress
Introduction
Historically, electric utilities have been regarded as natural monopolies requiring
regulation at the state and federal levels. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT,
P.L. 102-486) removed a number of regulatory barriers to electricity generation in an
effort to increase supply and introduce competition, and further legislation has been
introduced and debated to resolve remaining issues affecting transmission, reliability,
and other restructuring concerns.
Electric utility provisions are included in comprehensive energy legislation that
has passed both the House and Senate. The House passed H.R. 6 on April 11, 2003.
On July 31, 2003, the Senate suspended debate on S. 14, the comprehensive energy
bill that had been drafted by the Energy and Natural Resources Committee, and
instead passed H.R. 6 with the text of the Senate-passed version of H.R. 4 from the

107^th Congress. For a comparison of the House- and Senate-passed versions of H.R.

6, see CRS Report RL32033, Omnibus Energy Legislation (H.R. 6): Side-by-Side
Comparison of Non-Tax Provisions.
Before debate on S. 14 was suspended, Senator Domenici proposed S.Amdt.
1412 on July 29, 2003, to completely replace the electricity title of S. 14 as
introduced in the Senate. The proposed amendment was withdrawn on July 31, 2003,
and is not included in the Senate-passed energy bill. However, majority staff of the
Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee have indicated that provisions of
the amendment might be brought up in conference.¹
Title VI of the House-passed H.R. 6 would, in part, provide for incentive-based
transmission rates, allow transmission owners in certain instances to exercise the
right of eminent domain to site new transmission lines, create an electric reliability
organization, give new, but limited, authority to the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (FERC) over municipal and cooperative transmission systems, and
clarify the right of transmission owners to serve existing customers (native load).
In addition, the House bill would repeal the Public Utility Holding Company
Act (PUHCA) and give FERC and state public utility commissions access to books
and records, prospectively repeal the mandatory purchase requirement of the Public
Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA), and require utilities to provide

¹ CRS communication with majority senior staff of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources
Committee, Aug. 19, 2003.

real-time rates and time-of-use metering. The House version of H.R. 6 would
establish market transparency rules, explicitly prohibit round-trip trading, and
increase criminal penalties under the Federal Power Act.
Like the House-passed electricity provisions of H.R. 6, S.Amdt. 1412 would,
in a more limited fashion, give FERC rate authority over municipal and cooperative
transmission systems, create an electric reliability organization, repeal PUHCA and
give FERC and state public utility commissions access to books and records,
prospectively repeal the mandatory purchase requirement of PURPA, clarify the right
of transmission owners to serve native load, explicitly prohibit round-trip trading,
establish market transparency rules, and increase criminal penalties under the Federal
Power Act.
Unlike the House-passed H.R. 6, S.Amdt. 1412 does not contain provisions that
would allow transmission owners to exercise the right of eminent domain to site new
transmission lines.
S.Amdt. 1412 contains provisions that are not included in the House-passed
H.R. 6. These include provisions that prohibit FERC from requiring utilities to
transfer operational control of transmission facilities to a regional transmission
organization (RTO), give authority to power marketing administrations and the
Tennessee Valley Authority to join RTOs, remand FERC’s Standard Market Design
(SMD) notice of proposed rulemaking, and strengthen FERC’s merger review
authority.
For additional information, see CRS Report RL32728, Electric Utility
Regulatory Reform: Issues for the 109th Congress.

CRS-3
Definitions
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^{states, (}^eⁿ^{tities d}^e^scrⁱ^b^e^dⁱⁿ^Defⁱⁿ^e^{s u}ⁿ^r^eg^u^l^ated^tr^an^sm^ittin^g
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^‘^t^r^aⁿ^s^m^ittin^g^u^tility^’⁽¹⁶^U.S.C.^Re^gioⁿ^a^l^T^r^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ
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CRS-6
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
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^as^sⁱ^s^t^an^ce.

CRS-7
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^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^sy^ste^m^aⁿ^d^th^{e ef}^fⁱ^cien^cy^an^{d tran}^s^f^er^th^{e cap}^acity^o^f^ex^istin^g^lin^es
^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^cap^acity^ad^d^itioⁿ^s^cap^ab^ility^o^f^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^t^h^r^o^{ugh t}^h^eⁱ^m^p^l^e^m^eⁿ^t^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^f
ⁿ^eces^s^a^ry^t^o^s^u^pport^t^h^e^ne^t^w^o^r^ks.^t^e^c^hno^l^o^gy^.

ⁱⁿ^t^e^rconⁿ^ectⁱ^oⁿ^(S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^210).
^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{212 al}^l^o^w^s^t^h^{e cos}^t^s^of
^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^sy^ste^m
^en^larg^em^en^{t to be in}^clu^d^{ed in}
^th^{e rates}^f^o^{r w}^h^oles^ale
^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^se^r^v^ic^e^s^.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}
^g/w
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-8
Transmission Operation
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^eⁿ^a^c^c^e^{ss t}^r^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^by^T^h^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^{t (}^S^ectioⁿ^{Sec. 16021.}^{FERC is au}^th^o^r^ized^,^{Sec. 1132.}^{FERC is au}^th^o^r^ized^,^B^o^th^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^ar^{e o}^f^ten
ⁱ^{n utilities.}^201(f⁾^{) does}ⁿ^o^t^appl^y^t^o^f^e^deral^by^ru^l^e^{or order, t}^o^requⁱ^r^e^by^ru^l^e^{or order, t}^o^requⁱ^r^e^r^e^f^e^r^r^e^d^to^{as “}^F^ERC-^lite.”

^pow^{er m}^a^rk^etⁱⁿ^g^uⁿ^r^eg^u^l^ated^tr^an^sm^ittin^g^u^tilities^uⁿ^r^eg^u^l^ated^tr^an^sm^ittin^g^u^tilities
^ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^s^{, state en}^{tities, o}^r^(pow^{er m}^a^rk^etⁱⁿ^g^(pow^{er m}^a^rk^etⁱⁿ^g
^ru^ral^el^ect^ri^{c cooperat}ⁱ^v^es⁽¹⁶^ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^s^{, state en}^tities,^ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^s^{, state en}^tities,
^U^.^S^.^C^.^824).^an^{d ru}^ral^el^ect^ri^{c cooperat}ⁱ^v^es⁾^an^{d ru}^ral^el^ect^ri^{c cooperat}ⁱ^v^es⁾
^{to ch}^arg^e^rates^com^p^{arable to}^{to ch}^arg^e^rates^com^p^{arable to}
^w^h^{at th}^ey^ch^arg^e^th^em^s^e^lv^es^,^w^h^{at th}^ey^ch^arg^e^th^em^s^e^lv^es
^an^{d als}^o^requ^{ire th}^{at th}^{e term}^s^an^{d requ}^ires^th^{at th}^{e term}^s^an^d
^an^d^coⁿ^d^itioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e sales ar}^e^coⁿ^d^itioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e sales ar}^e
^com^p^{arable to th}^os^{e requ}^{ired of}^com^p^{arable to th}^os^{e requ}^{ired of}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^o^t^h^e^r^u^{tilities. Ex}^em^p^tioⁿ^s^ar^e^o^t^h^e^r^u^{tilities. Ex}^em^p^tioⁿ^s^ar^e
^g/w^estab^lish^e^d^f^o^r^u^{tilities sellin}^g^estab^lish^e^d^f^o^r^u^{tilities sellin}^g
^s^.or^{less th}^an⁴^m^illioⁿ^m^e^g^a^w^a^tt-^{less th}^an⁴^m^illioⁿ^m^w^h^o^f
^le^ak^h^o^u^r^s^(m^w^h^{) of}^el^ect^ri^ci^t^y^per^electricity^{per y}^{ear, f}^o^r
^y^ear^{, f}^o^r^dⁱ^strⁱ^b^u^tioⁿ^u^tilities,^dⁱ^strⁱ^b^u^tioⁿ^u^{tilities, an}^d^f^o^r
^://wiki^an^d^f^o^r^u^{tilities th}^{at o}^wⁿ^o^r^u^{tilities th}^{at o}^wⁿ^o^r^o^p^e^r^a^te
^h^ttp^o^p^e^r^a^{te tr}^an^sm^issioⁿ^f^acilities^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^f^{acilities th}^{at ar}^e
^th^{at are n}^o^{t n}^eces^s^a^ry^toⁿ^o^{t n}^ecessar^y^to^f^{acilitate a}
^f^{acilitate a n}^a^tioⁿ^w^id^eⁿ^a^tioⁿ^w^id^{e in}^ter^c^oⁿⁿ^ected
ⁱⁿ^terconⁿ^{ected tran}^s^m^is^sⁱ^on^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^sy^ste^m^.^FE^{RC is}
^sy^ste^m^.^FE^{RC m}^a^y^r^e^m^a^ndⁿ^o^{t au}^th^{orized to order s}^t^ates^or
^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^r^a^te^{s to}^aⁿ^m^uⁿⁱ^cip^a^{lities to}^tak^e^actioⁿ
^uⁿ^r^eg^u^l^ated^tr^an^sm^ittin^g^u^tility^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^if^it
^if^th^{e r}^a^{tes d}^oⁿ^o^{t co}^m^p^ly^w^ith^coⁿ^s^titu^{tes a p}^r^iv^{ate u}^s^{e u}ⁿ^d^er
^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^.^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{141 of}^t^h^{e In}^t^e^rn^al
^R^e^v^eⁿ^u^e^C^{ode of}^{1986. F}^E^R^C
^{is n}^o^{t au}^th^o^r^ized^to^r^e^q^u^ir^e
^uⁿ^r^eg^u^l^ated^tr^an^sm^ittin^g^u^tilities
^to^j^oⁱⁿ^{a tr}^an^sm^issioⁿ
^o^r^gaⁿⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^o^n.

CRS-9
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
ⁿ^s^{e of C}^oⁿ^g^res^s^on^R^e^gi^on^al^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16022.}^I^t^{is th}^{e sen}^s^{e o}^f^th^e^{Sec. 1122.}^I^t^{is th}^{e sen}^s^{e o}^f^th^e
^an^s^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^Organⁱ^z^ati^oⁿ^s^.^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess th}^{at u}^{tilities sh}^o^u^ld^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess th}^{at u}^{tilities sh}^o^u^ld
^v^o^luⁿ^t^arily^becom^e^m^e^m^b^ers^of^v^o^luⁿ^t^arily^becom^e^m^e^m^b^ers^of
^r^e^gioⁿ^a^l^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^r^e^gioⁿ^a^l^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ
^o^r^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ^s⁽^R^T^O⁾^.^I^t^{is th}^e^o^r^gaⁿⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^o^ns.
^s^eⁿ^s^{e of}^th^{e C}^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^th^{at FER}^C
^sh^o^u^ld^p^r^o^v^id^{e in}^cen^tiv^{e r}^a^tes
^fo^r^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^fo^r^tho^s^e
^u^{tilities th}^{at j}^oⁱⁿ^r^e^gⁱ^oⁿ^al
^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^o^r^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ^s^.
^{FERC is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^r^e^p^o^r^{t to}
^C^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^wⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ^{120 day}^s^of
^en^actm^eⁿ^t^th^{e s}^t^atu^s^of^all
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^r^e^gioⁿ^a^l^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^o^r^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ^ap^p^licatioⁿ^s^.
^g/w^Fed^e^r^a^{l u}^{tilities (}^p^o^w^er
^s^.or^m^a^r^k^e^tⁱ^{ng a}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^o^{ns o}^r
^le^ak^T^eⁿⁿ^e^{ssee Valley}^A^u^th^o^r^ity⁾^ar^e
^au^th^o^r^ized^to^p^a^r^ticip^{ate in}
^://wiki^r^e^gioⁿ^a^l^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ
^h^ttp^o^r^gaⁿⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^o^ns.
^rt^icipa^t^io^{n in Reg}ⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{202 (a) of}^t^h^{e F}^e^deral^No^sim^ilar^P^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1123.}^FE^{RC m}^a^y^no^t
^an^s^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^Organⁱ^z^ati^oⁿ^s^.^P^o^w^e^r^A^c^{t d}ⁱ^r^{ects FERC to}^r^e^q^u^ir^{e a tr}^an^sm^ittin^g^u^tility^to
^prom^{ote an}^{d en}^cou^r^ag^{e reg}ⁱ^on^al^tr^an^sf^er^o^p^e^r^a^tioⁿ^a^{l co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l o}^f
^dis^t^ricts^f^o^{r th}^{e v}^o^luⁿ^t^ary^{its tr}^an^sm^ittin^g^f^{acilities to}^an
ⁱⁿ^ter^c^oⁿⁿ^ectioⁿ^an^d^R^T^O^{or In}^depen^d^en^t^S^y^s^t^em
^coordiⁿ^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^r^an^s^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^{Operator (ISO).}

^f^{acilities b}^y^p^u^b^{lic u}^{tilities an}^d
ⁿ^oⁿ^-^p^u^b^{lic u}^{tilities f}^o^r^th^e
^pu^rpos^{e of}^as^s^u^rin^g^an^abuⁿ^d^an^t
^s^u^pply^of^{electric en}^erg^y
^t^h^r^o^ugho^ut^t^h^e^Uⁿⁱ^t^e^d^St^a^t^e^s
^w^ith^th^{e g}^r^eates^{t pos}^sⁱ^ble
^econ^o^m^y^.

CRS-10
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^{l ut}^ilit^y^pa^rt^icipa^t^io^{n in}^En^ablin^g^s^t^atu^t^es^f^o^{r pow}^er^No^sim^ilar^P^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1124.}^Fed^e^r^a^{l en}^{tities, su}^ch
^io^na^{l t}^r^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^m^a^r^k^e^tⁱ^{ng a}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^o^{ns m}^a^y^as^th^{e pow}^{er m}^a^rk^etin^g
ⁱ^z^ati^oⁿ^s^.^r^e^strⁱ^{ct p}^a^r^ticip^atioⁿⁱⁿ^RT^Os.^ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^s^an^d^th^e
^{(16 U.S.C}^.^{832 (B}^onⁿ^e^v^ille^T^eⁿⁿ^e^{ssee Valley}^A^u^th^o^r^ity^{, ar}^e
^P^o^w^e^{r A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ratⁱ^oⁿ⁾^{, 16}^allo^w^e^d^to^en^terⁱⁿ^to^{a co}ⁿ^t^r^act
^U^.^S^.^C^.^460(S^o^u^t^h^eas^t^e^rn^an^d^{to tran}^s^f^{er con}^t^{rol an}^{d u}^s^{e of}^all
^S^o^u^t^h^w^es^t^e^rn^P^o^w^e^{r Mark}^etⁱⁿ^g^o^r^p^a^r^t^o^f^{a f}^e^d^e^r^a^{l u}^tility^’^s
^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ratⁱ^oⁿ⁾^{, an}^{d 43 U}^.^S^.^C^.^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^sy^ste^m^to^aⁿ^RT^O.

^{485 (Wes}^t^e^rn^A^r^{ea Pow}^e^r
^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ratⁱ^oⁿ⁾⁾
^{16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{831. T}^h^{e T}^eⁿⁿ^e^s^s^e^e
^Valley^A^u^th^o^r^ity^A^c^{t p}^r^o^h^ib^its
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^th^{e T}^eⁿⁿ^e^{ssee Valley}^A^u^th^o^r^ity^(T^V^A^{) f}^r^om^perf^ormⁱⁿ^g^an^y
^g/w^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^se^r^v^ic^e^tha^t^w^o^uld
^s^.or^r^e^su^{lt in}^th^{e d}^e^liv^er^y^o^f^p^o^w^er
^le^ak^g^eⁿ^e^r^a^ted^b^y^T^V^A^o^u^tsid^{e o}^f^its
^s^e^rv^{ice territory}^(th^e^“^f^en^ce”).
^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-11
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^{ate regu}^l^{atory au}^th^ori^tⁱ^e^s^.^No^cu^r^r^en^{t law}^.^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1125.}^{FERC is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to
^c^o^nve^ne^r^e^gi^oⁿ^a^l^dⁱ^sc^ussi^oⁿ^s
^w^ith^{state r}^e^g^u^l^ato^r^y^au^th^o^r^ities
^{to determ}ⁱⁿ^{e w}^h^eth^e^{r w}^h^oles^ale
^{electric m}^a^rk^etsⁱⁿ^th^{e reg}ⁱ^on^are
^b^eⁱⁿ^g^ef^f^ectiv^{e in}^p^r^o^v^idⁱⁿ^g
^{reliable s}^e^rv^{ice at th}^{e low}^e^s^t
^reas^on^{able cos}^t^{. T}^h^es^e
^di^s^c^u^s^sⁱ^on^s^,ⁱⁿ^part^{, are requ}ⁱ^r^ed
^{to con}^s^{ider w}^h^eth^e^{r an}^R^T^{O is}
ⁿ^{eeded, th}^{e pro}^ces^s^{to con}^s^ider
^p^l^anⁿⁱⁿ^g^f^o^r^m^u^lti-^state
^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^f^{acilities, w}^h^eth^e^r
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^econ^o^mⁱ^{c dis}^p^atch^s^h^ou^{ld be}^im^p^l^em^en^ted^,^{a m}^e^th^o^d^to
^g/w^provⁱ^d^{e proper pri}^{ce s}ⁱ^gⁿ^a^l^s^s^o
^s^.or^ne^w^t^r^aⁿ^smⁱ^ssi^oⁿ^aⁿ^d^ge^ne^r^a^tⁱ^oⁿ
^le^ak^f^{acilities allev}ⁱ^{ate co}ⁿ^g^e^stioⁿ^oⁿ
^the^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^sy^ste^m^,^aⁿ^d
^://wiki^w^h^eth^e^{r a n}^e^w^tran^s^m^is^sⁱ^on
^h^ttp^p^r^ic^{ing sy}^ste^m^{is ne}^c^e^ssa^r^y^to
^en^h^aⁿ^{ce ef}^fⁱ^cien^cy^an^d
^r^e^liab^ility^o^f^th^{e tr}^an^sm^issioⁿ
^g^r^id^{. FERC is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^r^e^p^o^r^t
^to^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess w}^ithⁱⁿ^oⁿ^{e y}^ear^o^f
^en^actm^eⁿ^t^{its p}^r^o^g^r^e^{ss w}^ith
^im^p^l^em^en^tin^g^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^.

CRS-12
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^ti^{ve l}^oad^.^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{201 of}^t^h^{e F}^e^deral^{Sec. 16023.}^A^load-^s^ervⁱⁿ^g^{Sec. 1131.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^T^h^{is sectio}ⁿ^{is in}^ten^d^ed^to
^P^o^w^e^r^A^c^t^gi^ve^{s FE}^RC^en^tity^{is en}^titled^to^u^s^{e its}^clarif^y^th^{at res}^e^rvⁱⁿ^g
^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^o^v^er^“^t^h^e^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^f^{acilities o}^r^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^f^o^r^ex^istin^g
^tran^s^m^is^sⁱ^on^of^{electric en}^erg^y^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^rⁱ^{ghts to}^se^r^v^e^its^cu^s^t^om^ers⁽ⁿ^ativ^{e load) is}ⁿ^o^t
ⁱⁿⁱⁿ^ter^s^{tate co}^m^m^e^r^{ce an}^d^th^e^ex^istin^g^cu^sto^m^er^{s b}^e^f^o^r^e^{it is}^c^o^nsi^d^e^r^e^d^und^ul^y
^s^a^{le of}^s^u^ch^en^erg^y^{at w}^h^oles^ale^o^b^lig^ated^to^m^a^k^e^its^di^s^c^ri^mⁱⁿ^a^t^o^ry^.
ⁱⁿⁱⁿ^ter^s^{tate co}^m^m^e^r^{ce.” Sectio}ⁿ^tran^s^m^is^sⁱ^on^capacity^av^ailable
^{205 of}^t^h^{e F}^e^deral^Pow^e^{r A}^c^t^f^o^{r ot}^h^e^{r u}^s^es^.
^p^r^o^h^ib^{its u}^{tilities f}^r^o^m^g^r^an^tin^g
^“^uⁿ^d^u^e^pref^eren^{ce or adv}^aⁿ^t^ag^e
^t^o^an^y^pers^on^{or s}^u^bj^ect^an^y
^pers^on^t^o^an^y^uⁿ^d^u^e^prej^u^dⁱ^{ce or}
^di^s^a^dv^an^t^a^g^{e” (16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^824).
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^a^rk^{et Des}ⁱ^gn.^No^cu^r^r^en^{t law}^.^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^Sectⁱ^{on 1121.}^T^h^{is sectio}ⁿ
^g/w^w^o^ul^d^r^e^m^a^nd^t^h^e^St^aⁿ^d^a^r^d
^s^.or^Mark^{et Des}ⁱ^gⁿ
^le^ak^(S^MD^{) n}^o^tⁱ^{ce of}^propos^ed
^r^u^l^e^m^a^ki^{ng b}^a^c^k^t^o^FE^RC.
^://wiki^{FERC w}^o^u^l^dⁿ^o^{t b}^e^ab^{le to}^issu^e
^h^ttp^{a f}ⁱⁿ^a^l^ru^l^e^on^s^t^an^{dard m}^a^rk^et
^desⁱ^gⁿ^bef^o^{re Ju}^l^y^{1, 2005.}

CRS-13
Reliability
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^{ric relia}^bilit^y^st^a^nda^rds.^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16031.}^Re^q^u^ir^e^s^FE^{RC to}^Sectⁱ^{on 1111.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^p^r^o^m^u^l^g^a^{te r}^u^{les w}^ithⁱⁿ¹⁸⁰
^day^s^of^en^actm^eⁿ^t^{to create a}
^FER^C^-^certif^{ied electric}
^r^e^liab^ility^o^r^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ⁽^E^RO)^.
^T^h^{e ER}^O^w^o^u^l^{d dev}^e^l^{op an}^d
^en^f^o^r^{ce r}^e^liab^ility^stan^d^a^r^d^{s f}^o^r
^th^{e b}^u^lk^-^p^o^w^er^sy^stem^{. A}^{ll ERO}
^s^t^an^dards^m^u^s^t^{be approv}^{ed by}
^{FERC. Un}^d^e^r^th^{is title, th}^e
^{ERO co}^u^l^d^im^p^o^s^{e p}^eⁿ^a^{lties o}ⁿ
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^{a u}^s^{er, ow}ⁿ^e^{r, or operat}^o^{r of}^t^h^e
^g/w^bu^lk^-^pow^{er s}^y^s^t^em^th^{at v}ⁱ^olates
^s^.or^an^y^FERC-^a^p^p^r^o^v^ed^r^e^liab^ility
^le^ak^stan^d^a^r^d^{. I}ⁿ^ad^d^itioⁿ^,^FERC
^cou^l^{d order com}^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^a
^://wiki^r^e^liab^ility^stan^d^a^r^d^an^d^co^u^l^d
^h^ttp^im^p^o^s^{e a p}^eⁿ^a^lty^if^{FERC f}ⁱⁿ^d^s
^t^h^at^{a u}^s^{er, ow}ⁿ^e^{r, or operat}^o^{r of}
^th^{e bu}^lk^-^pow^{er s}^y^s^t^em^h^a^s
^e^nga^ge^dⁱⁿ^o^rⁱ^s^a^b^o^u^t^t^o^e^nga^ge
ⁱⁿ^{a v}ⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^o^f^{a r}^e^liab^ility
^s^t^an^{dard. T}^hⁱ^s^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^does
^no^t^gi^ve^aⁿ^E^R^O^o^r^FE^RC
^au^th^o^r^izatioⁿ^to^o^r^d^e^r
^coⁿ^s^tr^u^c^tioⁿ^o^f^ad^d^itioⁿ^a^l
^ge^ne^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^r^t^r^aⁿ^smⁱ^ssi^oⁿ
^c^a^p^a^cⁱ^t^y^.⁽^c^oⁿ^tⁱ^nue^d^oⁿ^ne^xt
^row⁾

CRS-14
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^{ric relia}^bilit^y^st^a^nda^rds^(S^{ee row}^abov^e.)⁽^C^oⁿ^tⁱⁿ^u^e^{d f}^r^om^row^abov^e)^{(See row}^abov^e.)⁽^{See row}^abov^e.)

^tiⁿ^u^e^d^from^row^ab^ove).^T^h^{is p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^also^r^e^q^u^ir^{es th}^at
^FER^C^es^tablis^h^{a reg}ⁱ^on^al
^advⁱ^s^o^ry^bodyⁱ^f^at^l^eas^t^t^w^o-
^th^ir^d^s^o^f^th^{e states w}^ithⁱⁿ^a
^r^e^gⁱ^oⁿ^p^e^titioⁿ^{FERC. T}^h^e
^advⁱ^s^o^ry^body^w^o^u^l^{d be}
^com^pos^{ed of}^on^{e m}^e^m^b^{er f}^r^om
^each^participatin^g^s^t^{ate in}^th^e
^regⁱ^on^{, appoi}ⁿ^t^{ed by}^t^h^e
^Gov^e^rn^{or of}^each^s^t^{ate, an}^d
^cou^l^{d prov}^{ide adv}ⁱ^{ce to th}^{e ER}^O
^o^r^{FERC o}ⁿ^r^e^liab^ility
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^s^t^an^dards^,^propos^{ed reg}ⁱ^on^al^en^tities^,^propos^{ed f}^ees^{, an}^{d an}^y
^g/w^o^t^h^e^r^r^e^sp^oⁿ^sib^{ilities r}^e^q^u^ested
^s^.or^b^y^{FERC. T}^h^{e en}^tir^{e r}^e^liab^ility
^le^ak^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^w^o^u^l^{d n}^o^t^appl^y^t^o
^A^l^ask^a^o^r^Haw^a^ii.
^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-15
Public Utility Holding Company Act Amendments
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^o^{rt ti}^tl^e.^T^h^{e P}^u^b^{lic Utility}^Ho^ldⁱⁿ^g^{Sec. 16041.}^T^h^{is su}^b^{title m}^a^y^b^e^S^u^b^{title E.}^T^h^{is su}^b^{title m}^a^y^b^e
^C^o^m^p^an^y^A^c^t^of^{1935 (PU}^H^C^A^,^cited^{as th}^{e P}^u^b^{lic Utility}^cited^{as th}^{e P}^u^b^{lic Utility}
^{15 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{79 et}^s^e^q.).^H^o^l^dⁱⁿ^g^C^o^m^p^an^y^A^c^t^of^2003.^H^o^l^dⁱⁿ^g^C^o^m^p^an^y^A^c^t^of^2003.
ⁿ^s.^V^a^ri^ou^s^t^e^rm^s^{are def}ⁱⁿ^e^{d at}¹⁵^{Sec. 16042.}^T^h^{e f}^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^ter^m^s^{Sec. 1151.}^T^h^{e f}^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^ter^m^s
^U^.^S^.^C^.^79b.^ar^{e d}^e^fⁱⁿ^e^d^:^af^f^{iliates; asso}^ciate^{are def}ⁱⁿ^e^{d: h}^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^y^,
^c^o^mp^aⁿ^y;^C^o^mmi^s^sⁱ^oⁿ^;^h^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^y^s^y^s^t^em^,
^co^m^p^an^y^;^electrⁱ^{c u}^tility^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^a^{l r}^a^{tes, n}^a^tu^r^a^{l g}^a^s
^com^p^an^y^;^ex^em^{pt w}^h^oles^ale^co^m^p^an^y^,^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^{, p}^u^b^{lic u}^tility^,
^g^eⁿ^e^r^a^to^r^;^g^a^{s u}^tility^co^m^p^an^y^;^p^u^b^lic-^u^tility^co^m^p^an^y^,
^ho^l^dⁱ^{ng c}^o^m^p^aⁿ^y^;^ho^l^dⁱⁿ^g^su^b^s^id^iar^y^co^m^p^an^y^,^v^o^tin^g
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^co^m^p^an^y^sy^stem^{; j}^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^a^l^s^ecu^rity^.

^g/w^r^a^{tes; n}^a^tu^r^a^{l g}^a^{s co}^m^p^an^y^;
^s^.or^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^{; p}^u^b^{lic u}^tility^{; p}^u^b^lic
^le^ak^u^tility^co^m^p^an^y^;^State
^co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^{; su}^b^s^id^iar^y
^://wiki^com^p^an^y^;^an^{d v}^o^tin^g^s^ecu^rity^.
^h^ttp

CRS-16
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^l^o^f^t^h^{e Public Ut}^ilit^y^Iⁿ^g^eⁿ^e^r^a^{l, th}^{e P}^u^b^{lic Utility}^{Sec. 16043.}^T^h^{e P}^u^b^{lic Utility}^{Sec. 1152.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^dⁱⁿ^{g C}^o^m^p^an^{y A}^c^{t of}^H^o^l^dⁱⁿ^g^C^o^m^p^an^y^A^c^t^of¹⁹³⁵^H^o^l^dⁱⁿ^g^C^o^m^p^an^y^A^c^t^of¹⁹³⁵
^reg^u^l^ates^th^{e s}^t^ru^ctu^r^{e of}^is^repealed.
^ho^l^dⁱ^{ng c}^o^m^p^aⁿⁱ^e^{s b}^y
^p^r^o^h^ib^itin^g^{all h}^o^ldⁱⁿ^g
^com^p^an^ies^th^{at are m}^o^{re th}^an
^tw^{ice r}^e^m^o^v^e^d^f^r^o^m^th^eir
^o^p^e^r^a^tin^g^su^b^s^id^iarⁱ^{es, f}^e^d^e^r^a^lly
^r^e^gul^a^t^e^s^ho^l^dⁱ^{ng c}^o^m^p^aⁿⁱ^e^{s o}^f
ⁱⁿ^v^e^sto^r^-^o^wⁿ^ed^u^{tilities, an}^d
^p^r^o^v^id^{es f}^o^r^Secu^r^{ities an}^d
^Ex^ch^an^g^e^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^(S^EC⁾
^r^e^gul^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^f^m^e^r^g^e^r^{s a}ⁿ^d
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^di^v^e^rsⁱ^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^propos^al^s^.^R^e^gⁱ^s^t^{ered h}^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^ies
^g/w^of^s^u^bs^idiaries^{are requ}^{ired to}
^s^.or^h^a^v^e^S^E^C^approv^al^pri^o^{r t}^o
^le^ak^issuⁱⁿ^g^secu^r^{ities; all lo}^an^{s an}^d
ⁱⁿ^t^e^r^c^o^m^p^a^ny^fi^na^ncⁱ^a^l
^://wiki^tran^s^action^s^{are reg}^u^l^{ated by}^th^e
^h^ttp^SEC^.^A^h^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^y^can
^{be ex}^em^pt^f^r^om^PU^H^C^Aⁱ^fⁱ^t^s
^bu^sⁱⁿ^e^s^s^operatⁱ^oⁿ^s^an^{d t}^h^os^{e of}
^{its su}^b^s^id^iarⁱ^{es o}^ccu^r^w^ithⁱⁿ^oⁿ^e
^s^t^{ate or w}^ithⁱⁿ^con^tig^u^o^u^s^s^t^ates
^{(15 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{79 et}^s^e^q.).

CRS-17
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^s^{to book}^s^and^R^e^gⁱ^s^t^{ered h}^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^ies^{Sec. 16044.}^{Federal acces}^s^is^{Sec. 1153.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^.^an^{d s}^u^bs^idiary^com^p^an^ies^are^provⁱ^d^{ed t}^o^book^s^an^{d records}
^requ^{ired to pres}^erv^e^accouⁿ^t^s^,^of^h^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^ies^an^{d th}^eir
^cos^t^-^accouⁿ^tin^g^procedu^r^es^,^af^f^{iliates. A}^f^f^{iliate co}^m^p^an^ies
^corres^pon^den^{ce, m}^e^m^o^ran^d^a,^m^u^{st m}^a^k^e^av^ailab^l^{e to}^th^e
^papers^{, an}^{d book}^s^t^h^at^F^E^R^C^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^t^h^{e book}^s^an^d
^deem^sⁿ^eces^s^a^ry^{or appropri}^a^t^e^r^eco^r^d^{s o}^f^af^f^{iliate tr}^an^sactioⁿ^s^.
ⁱⁿ^th^{e p}^u^b^{lic in}^ter^e^{st o}^r^f^o^r^Fed^e^r^a^{l o}^f^fⁱ^{cials m}^u^{st m}^aⁱⁿ^tain
^prot^ectⁱ^oⁿ^ofⁱⁿ^v^e^s^t^ors^an^d^th^{e con}^f^iden^tiality^of^s^u^ch^book^s
^con^s^u^m^ers^{(15 U}^.^S^.^C^.^79o).^an^{d records}^.
^{ate acces}^s^{to b}^ook^s^an^d^Un^d^e^r^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^t,^{Sec. 16045.}^A^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^a^l^{Sec. 1154.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^.^s^t^{ate com}^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^s^m^a^y^ex^amⁱⁿ^e^s^t^a^t^e^c^o^mmi^s^sⁱ^oⁿ^ma^{y ma}^k^e^a
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^th^{e book}^s^,^accouⁿ^t^s^,^m^e^m^o^ran^d^{a, con}^t^racts^,^an^d^r^easoⁿ^ab^ly^d^e^tailed^w^r^itten^requ^es^{t to a h}^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^y^or
^g/w^records^of^{a j}^u^ris^d^iction^a^l^an^y^as^s^o^{ciate com}^p^an^y^f^o^r
^s^.or^electrⁱ^{c u}^tility^co^m^p^an^y^,^an^acces^s^{to s}^p^ecifⁱ^{c book}^s^an^d
^le^ak^ex^em^{pt w}^h^oles^{ale g}^eⁿ^e^{rator th}^at^r^e^c^o^r^d^s,^w^h^ic^{h m}^u^{st b}^e^ke^p^t
^{sells to}^su^ch^electrⁱ^{c u}^tility^{, an}^d^coⁿ^f^id^en^{tial. T}^h^{is sectio}ⁿ^d^o^e^s
^://wiki^an^y^electrⁱ^{c u}^tility^co^m^p^an^y^o^rⁿ^o^{t ap}^p^l^y^to^{a h}^o^ldⁱⁿ^g^co^m^p^an^y
^h^ttp^o^ldin^g^com^p^an^y^th^{at is}^an^th^{at is su}^ch^so^lely^b^y^r^easoⁿ^o^f
^asso^{ciate co}^m^p^an^y^o^r^af^f^{iliate o}^f^owⁿ^e^rs^hⁱ^{p of}^on^{e or m}^o^re
^an^ex^em^{pt w}^h^oles^{ale g}^eⁿ^e^rator^q^u^alif^yⁱⁿ^g^f^{acilities. Resp}^oⁿ^se
^{(16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^824).^to^su^ch^r^e^q^u^{ests is m}^aⁿ^d^ato^r^y^.
^Co^m^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^is
^en^f^o^{rceable in}^{U.S. Dis}^t^rict
^Co^ur^t.
^em^p^tⁱ^oⁿ^au^th^ori^t^y.^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16046.}^FER^C^is^{directed to}^{Sec. 1155.}^FER^C^is^{directed to}
^p^r^o^m^u^l^g^a^{te r}^u^{les to}^ex^em^p^t^p^r^o^m^u^l^g^a^{te r}^u^{les to}^ex^em^p^t
^q^u^alif^yⁱⁿ^g^f^{acilities, ex}^em^p^t^q^u^alif^yⁱⁿ^g^f^{acilities, ex}^em^p^t
^w^h^oles^{ale g}^eⁿ^e^rators^{, an}^d^w^h^oles^{ale g}^eⁿ^e^rators^{, an}^d
^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^u^tility^co^m^p^an^{ies f}^r^o^m^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^u^tility^co^m^p^an^{ies f}^r^o^m
^th^{e r}^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts o}^f^Sectioⁿ^th^{e r}^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts o}^f^Sectioⁿ
^16044.^1153.

CRS-18
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^f^ilia^t^e^t^r^aⁿ^sa^ct^io^ns.^T^h^{e F}^e^deral^P^o^w^e^{r A}^c^t^requⁱ^r^es^{Sec. 16047.}^{FERC r}^e^tain^{s th}^e^{Sec. 1156.}^FER^C^an^{d s}^t^ate
^th^{at j}^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^a^{l r}^a^{tes ar}^{e j}^u^st^au^th^o^r^ity^to^p^r^ev^en^{t cr}^o^ss-^co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^{s r}^e^tain^au^th^o^r^ity^to
^an^{d reas}^on^abl^e^an^{d proh}ⁱ^bⁱ^t^s^su^b^s^id^izatioⁿ^an^d^to^assu^r^e^th^at^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{e if}^{a p}^u^b^lic-^u^tility
^cr^o^ss-^su^b^s^id^izatioⁿ⁽¹⁶^U.S.C.^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^a^{l r}^a^{tes ar}^{e j}^u^{st an}^d^co^m^p^an^y^,^p^u^b^{lic u}^tility^{, o}^r
^{791a et}^s^e^q.).^reas^on^{able. FER}^C^an^{d s}^t^ateⁿ^a^tu^r^a^{l g}^a^{s co}^m^p^an^y^m^a^y
^co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^{s r}^e^tain^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^recov^e^{r in}^rates^th^{e cos}^t^s^of
^{to determ}ⁱⁿ^{e w}^h^eth^e^{r as}^s^o^ciate^g^oods^{or s}^e^rvⁱ^ces^acquⁱ^{red f}^r^om
^co^m^p^an^y^activ^{ities m}^a^y^b^e^an^af^f^{iliate co}^m^p^an^y^.
^recov^e^{red i}ⁿ^rat^e^s^.
^b^ilit^y^.^{No s}^p^ecifⁱ^{c prov}^is^ion^.^{Sec. 16048.}^Ex^{cept as}^{Sec. 1157.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^sp^ecifⁱ^callyⁿ^o^ted^,^th^{is su}^b^title
^doesⁿ^o^t^appl^y^t^o^t^h^{e U}^.^S^.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^Gov^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^{, a s}^t^{ate or an}^y^p^o^{litical su}^b^dⁱ^vⁱ^sioⁿ^o^f^{a state,}
^g/w^o^r^a^fo^r^eⁱ^{gn go}^ve^rⁿ^m^e^nt^a^l
^s^.or^au^th^o^r^ity^o^p^e^r^a^tin^g^o^u^tsid^{e th}^e
^le^ak^Un^{ited States}^.
^://wiki^{fect on other regulations}^.^{No s}^p^ecifⁱ^{c prov}^is^ion^.^{Sec. 16049.}^FER^C^{or a s}^t^ate^{Sec. 1158.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^h^ttp^com^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^isⁿ^o^{t preclu}^d^ed
^f^r^o^m^ex^er^cisin^g^{its j}^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ
^uⁿ^d^{er oth}^e^rw^is^{e applicable law}^s
^to^p^r^o^t^{ect u}^tility^cu^sto^m^er^s.
^forcem^ent.¹⁵^{U.S.C. 7}⁹^r^{. T}^h^{e Secu}^r^ities^{Sec. 16050.}^{FERC h}^a^{s au}^th^o^r^ity^{Sec. 1159.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^an^{d Ex}^ch^an^g^e^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^h^a^s^to^en^f^o^r^{ce th}^{is p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^uⁿ^d^er
^au^th^o^r^ity^toⁱⁿ^v^e^stig^{ate an}^d^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^s^306-^{317 of}^t^h^{e F}^e^deral
^en^f^o^r^{ce p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e P}^u^b^lic^Pow^e^r^A^c^t^.
^Utility^Ho^ldⁱⁿ^g^Co^m^p^an^y^A^c^{t o}^f
^1935.

CRS-19
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
ⁿ^g^s^p^r^ovi^sⁱ^on^s^.^No^{t ap}^p^licab^le.^{Sec. 16051.}^Pe^r^s^on^s^m^a^y^{Sec. 1160.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^c^o^ntⁱ^nue^t^o^e^nga^geⁱⁿ^l^e^ga^l
^activ^{ities in}^w^h^ich^th^ey^h^a^v^e
^been^en^g^a^g^e^{d or are au}^th^orized
^to^en^g^a^g^eⁱⁿ^oⁿ^th^{e ef}^f^ectiv^e
^d^a^{te o}^f^th^{e A}^c^{t. T}^h^{e su}^b^title
^d^o^e^{s n}^o^{t lim}^{it th}^{e au}^th^o^r^ity^o^f
^th^{e Federal En}^erg^y^R^e^g^u^l^atory
^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e Federal}
^P^o^w^e^r^A^c^{t o}^r^th^{e Natu}^r^a^{l Gas}
^Ac^t^.
^plem^entation.^No^{t ap}^p^licab^le.^{Sec. 16052.}^No^{t later}^th^an¹²^{Sec. 1161.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^m^oⁿ^t^h^s^af^{ter en}^actm^eⁿ^t^{, FER}^C^w^{ill p}^r^o^m^u^l^g^a^{te r}^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s
^g/wⁿ^ecessar^y^to^im^p^l^em^en^{t th}^is
^s^.or^su^b^{title an}^d^su^b^m^{it to}^Coⁿ^g^r^ess
^le^ak^recom^m^eⁿ^d^ation^s^f^o^{r tech}ⁿⁱ^cal
^{or con}^f^ormⁱⁿ^g^am^en^dm^en^ts^to
^://wiki^f^e^d^e^r^a^{l law}^th^{at m}ⁱ^g^h^t^b^e
^h^ttpⁿ^ecessar^y^to^car^r^y^o^u^{t th}^is
^su^b^title.
^ans^f^{er of res}^ources^.^T^h^{e Secu}^r^{ities an}^d^Ex^ch^an^g^e^Sec.16053.^T^h^{e Secu}^r^{ities an}^d^{Sec. 1162.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^No^tim^{e f}^r^am^{e f}^o^r^tr^an^sf^er^o^f
^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^m^aⁱⁿ^t^aⁱⁿ^s^book^s^Ex^ch^an^g^e^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^w^ill^book^s^an^{d records}ⁱ^s^provⁱ^d^ed.
^an^{d records}^an^{d reg}^u^l^ates^t^r^an^s^f^{er al}^l^applⁱ^cabl^e^book^s^an^d
^secu^r^ity^tr^an^sactioⁿ^s⁽¹⁵^U.S.C.^records^{to FER}^C^.
^{79 et}^s^e^q.).
^{fective date.}^No^{t ap}^p^licab^le.^{Sec. 16054.}^T^w^e^l^ve^m^o^nt^hs^{Sec. 1163.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^af^ter^en^actm^eⁿ^t^{, th}^{is su}^b^{title w}^ill
^tak^e^ef^f^ect.
^th^ori^z^ati^oⁿ^of^No^{t ap}^p^licab^le.^{Sec. 16055.}^Ne^c^e^ssa^r^y^fund^{s to}^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^p^r^op^ri^ati^oⁿ^s^.^car^r^y^o^u^{t th}^{is su}^b^{title ar}^e
^au^t^h^ori^{zed t}^o^{be appropri}^a^t^e^d.

CRS-20
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^nf^o^r^mⁱ^ng^a^m^endm^ent^s^t^o^T^h^{e cu}^r^r^eⁿ^t^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^o^f^th^e^{Sec. 16056.}^Th^e^F^e^d^e^r^a^l^P^o^w^e^r^{Sec. 1164.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^{er Act.}^Secu^r^{ities an}^d^Ex^ch^an^g^e^A^c^{t is am}^en^d^e^d^to^r^e^f^l^{ect th}^e
^Co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^uⁿ^d^er^th^{e P}^u^b^lic^ch^an^g^e^{s to}^th^{e P}^u^b^{lic Utility}
^Utility^Ho^ldⁱⁿ^g^Co^m^p^an^y^A^c^{t o}^f^H^o^l^dⁱⁿ^g^C^o^m^p^an^y^A^c^t^of^1935.
^{1935 i}^s^ref^e^ren^{ced by}^{16 U}^.^S^.^C^.
^825q;^{16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^824(g⁾^(5);¹⁶
^U^.^S^.^C^.^824m^.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}
^g/w
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-21
Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) Amendments
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^l^-^t^im^{e pricing}^aⁿ^d^States^{are requ}^{ired to con}^s^ider^{Sec. 16061.}^No^{t later}^th^an^oⁿ^e^{Sec. 1142.}^No^{t later}^th^an^oⁿ^e
^e^-of-u^s^{e m}^e^teriⁿ^g^w^h^eth^e^{r to im}^plem^en^{t s}^t^an^dards^y^{ear af}^{ter en}^actm^eⁿ^t^{, each}^s^t^ate^y^{ear af}^{ter en}^actm^eⁿ^t^{, each}^s^t^ate
^nda^r^d^s.^f^o^r^th^{e p}^u^r^c^h^a^{se o}^f^loⁿ^g^-^ter^m^r^e^g^u^l^ato^r^y^au^th^o^r^ity^{is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^reg^u^l^at^ory^bodyⁱ^s^requⁱ^r^{ed t}^o
^w^h^oles^{ale pow}^{er s}^u^pplies⁽¹⁶^to^coⁿ^s^id^er^im^p^l^em^en^tin^g^th^e^determⁱⁿ^{e if}^{it w}^{ill adopt a}
^U^.^S^.^C^.^2621(d)).^f^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^stan^d^a^r^d^{s: (}¹⁾^if^s^t^an^{dard f}^o^{r t}ⁱ^m^e-^bas^e^d
^requ^es^{ted by}^an^electric^m^e^terin^g^.^T^h^{e s}^t^an^{dard cou}^l^d
^coⁿ^s^u^m^{er, each}^{electric u}^tility^im^p^l^em^en^{t tim}^e-^o^f^-^u^{se p}^r^icin^g^,
^m^u^s^t^provⁱ^d^{e cu}^s^t^om^ers^wⁱ^t^h^a^{critical peak}^pricin^g^,^an^{d real-}
^r^eal-^tim^{e r}^a^{te sch}^e^d^u^{le; an}^d⁽²⁾^tim^{e p}^r^icin^g^.^{Utilities ar}^{e to}^b^e
^if^requ^es^{ted by}^an^electric^requⁱ^r^{ed t}^o^provⁱ^d^{e cu}^s^t^om^ers
^coⁿ^s^u^m^{er, each}^{electric u}^tility^is^w^ith^m^e^ter^sⁿ^ecessar^y^to
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^p^r^o^v^id^{e tim}^e-^o^f^-^u^se^im^p^l^em^en^{t tim}^e-^b^a^sed^m^e^terⁱⁿ^g^.
^g/w^m^e^t^e^rⁱ^{ng t}^e^c^hno^l^o^gy^.
^s^.or^T^h^{e Secretary}^of^En^erg^y^is
^le^ak^r^e^q^uⁱ^r^e^d^t^o^p^r^e^p^a^r^e^aⁿ^a^nnua^l
^r^e^p^o^r^{t to}^Co^ngr^e^{ss tha}^t^a^sse^sse^s
^://wiki^dem^aⁿ^d^res^pon^s^e^res^o^u^r^ces^on^a
^h^ttp^regⁱ^on^al^basⁱ^s^.^T^h^{e report}^wⁱ^l^l
^as^s^e^s^s^th^{e u}^s^{e of}^adv^aⁿ^ced
^m^e^ters^an^{d com}^m^uⁿⁱ^cation^s
^sy^ste^m^s,^e^x^{isting d}^e^m^a^nd
^res^pon^s^e^prog^ram^s^{, an}^{d t}^h^e
^pot^en^tⁱ^a^l^u^s^{e of}^dem^aⁿ^d
^res^pon^s^e^f^o^{r reg}ⁱ^on^al^pl^anⁿⁱⁿ^g
^pu^rpos^es^{. T}^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ
^estab^lish^e^{s th}^{at it is th}^{e p}^o^licy^o^f
^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^{to en}^cou^r^ag^e
^tⁱ^m^e-^bas^e^{d pri}^cⁱⁿ^g^an^{d ot}^h^e^r
^f^o^rm^s^of^dem^aⁿ^d^res^pon^s^e^.

CRS-22
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^erati^on^an^d^s^m^al^l^p^o^w^e^r^Section^{210 of}^th^{e P}^u^{blic Utility}^{Sec. 16062.}^Man^d^at^ory^pow^er^{Sec. 1145.}^Man^d^at^ory^pow^er
^ductⁱ^oⁿ^purcha^s^{e a}^{nd sa}^le^R^e^g^u^l^at^ory^Polⁱ^cⁱ^e^s^A^c^t^of¹⁹⁷⁸^pu^rch^a^s^e^requ^irem^en^ts^uⁿ^d^er^pu^rch^a^s^e^requ^irem^en^ts^uⁿ^d^er
^ents^.⁽^P^URP^A⁾^r^e^q^u^ir^{es u}^{tilities to}^{§210 of}^P^U^R^P^A^w^{ill n}^o^{t apply}^{§210 of}^th^{e P}^u^{blic Utility}
^pu^rch^a^s^e^pow^{er f}^r^om^qu^alⁱ^f^yⁱⁿ^g^{to n}^e^w^con^t^racts^af^{ter th}^{e date of}^R^e^g^u^l^at^ory^Polⁱ^cⁱ^e^s^A^c^t^of¹⁹⁷⁸
^f^{acilities an}^d^sm^{all p}^o^w^er^en^actm^eⁿ^t^if^FER^C^fⁱⁿ^d^s^th^{at a}⁽^P^URP^A⁾^w^{ill n}^o^{t ap}^p^l^y^toⁿ^e^w
^produ^cers^{at a rate of}^th^e^co^m^p^etitiv^{e electr}ⁱ^{c m}^a^r^k^et^con^t^racts^af^{ter th}^{e date of}
^u^tilities’^av^oⁱ^d^e^d^co^{st (}¹⁶^U.S.C.^ex^{ists an}^d^{a q}^u^alif^yⁱⁿ^g^f^acility^en^actm^eⁿ^t^if^FER^C^fⁱⁿ^d^s^th^{at a}
^824a-³^).^{(QF) h}^a^s^acces^s^to^co^m^p^etitiv^{e electr}ⁱ^{c m}^a^r^k^et
ⁱⁿ^depen^d^en^tly^admⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ered,^prov^ides^m^eanⁱⁿ^g^f^u^l
^au^ction^-^bas^e^{d day}^-^ah^{ead an}^d^opport^uⁿⁱ^t^y^t^o^s^e^l^l^capaci^t^y^t^o
^real-^tim^{e w}^h^oles^{ale m}^a^rk^ets^an^d^b^u^y^e^r^s^o^t^h^e^r^th^an^th^{e u}^tility^to
^lon^g^-^term^w^h^oles^{ale m}^a^rk^ets^.^w^h^ich^th^{e QF is in}^ter^c^oⁿⁿ^ectd^,
^FER^C^m^a^y^en^f^o^{rce recov}^e^ry^of^an^{d a QF h}^a^s^acces^s^to
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^“^s^tran^{ded cos}^t^s^”ⁱⁿ^cu^{rred by}^u^{tilities b}^ecau^{se o}^f^P^U^RP^A^-ⁱⁿ^depen^d^en^tly^admⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ered,^au^ction^-^bas^e^{d day}^-^ah^{ead an}^d
^g/w^m^a^nd^a^t^e^d^c^o^ge^ne^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n a}ⁿ^d^real-^tim^{e w}^h^oles^{ale m}^a^rk^ets^an^d
^s^.or^sm^a^{ll p}^o^w^e^r^p^u^r^c^ha^se^s.^lon^g^-^term^w^h^oles^{ale m}^a^rk^ets^.
^le^ak^Owⁿ^e^r^s^hⁱ^p^lim^itatioⁿ^s^uⁿ^d^er^F^E^R^C^w^o^u^l^{d be requ}ⁱ^r^{ed t}^o
^P^U^R^P^A^{are repealed. FER}^C^is^prom^u^l^g^a^t^e^an^{d en}^f^o^rce
^://wiki^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^issu^{e a r}^u^{le to}^en^su^r^e^r^e^gul^a^tⁱ^o^{ns fo}^r^t^h^e^r^e^c^o^ve^r^y^o^f
^h^ttp^th^{at th}^{e electrical, th}^erm^a^{l, an}^d^“^s^tran^{ded cos}^t^s^”ⁱⁿ^cu^{rred by}
^ch^em^{ical ou}^tpu^t^s^ofⁿ^e^w^QFs^u^{tilities b}^ecau^{se o}^f^P^U^RP^A^-
^{are in}^ten^d^{ed f}^o^{r in}^du^s^t^rial,^m^a^nd^a^t^e^d^c^o^ge^ne^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n a}ⁿ^d
^co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial, o}^rⁱⁿ^stitu^tioⁿ^a^{l u}^s^e^sm^a^{ll p}^o^w^e^r^p^u^r^c^ha^se^s.
^an^{d n}^o^{t f}^o^{r s}^a^{le to an}^electric^Owⁿ^e^r^s^hⁱ^p^lim^itatioⁿ^s^uⁿ^d^er
^u^tility^.^P^U^R^P^A^{are repealed. FER}^C^is
^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^issu^{e a r}^u^{le to}^en^su^r^e
^th^{at th}^{e electrical, th}^erm^a^{l, an}^d
^ch^em^{ical ou}^tpu^t^s^ofⁿ^e^w^QFs
^{are in}^ten^d^{ed f}^o^{r in}^du^s^t^rial,
^co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial, o}^rⁱⁿ^stitu^tioⁿ^a^{l u}^s^e
^an^{d n}^o^{t f}^o^{r s}^a^{le to an}^electric
^u^tility^.

CRS-23
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^a^r^t^m^e^t^ering^.^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16063.}^States^m^u^s^t^con^s^ider^{Sec. 1142.}^A^s^des^c^ri^{bed abov}^e,
^w^h^eth^e^r^to^im^p^l^em^en^{t tim}^e-^each^s^t^{ate reg}^u^l^atory^body^is
^bas^e^{d rat}^e^s^c^h^e^du^l^e^s^an^{d t}ⁱ^m^e-^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{e if}^{it w}^ill
^bas^e^{d m}^e^t^e^riⁿ^g^.^adopt^{a s}^t^an^{dard f}^o^{r t}ⁱ^m^e-^bas^e^d
^m^e^terin^g^th^{at cou}^l^{d im}^plem^en^t
^tim^e-^of^-^u^s^e^pricin^g^,^{critical peak}
^p^r^icin^g^,^an^d^r^eal-^tim^{e p}^r^icin^g^.
^op^ti^on^{of ad}^dⁱ^ti^on^al^No^cu^r^r^en^{t law}^.^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^{Sec. 1143.}^States^m^u^s^t^con^s^ider
^nda^r^d^s.^w^h^eth^e^{r to im}^plem^en^{t a s}^t^an^dard
^th^{at w}^o^u^l^d^r^e^q^u^ir^{e th}^{at u}^tilities
^p^r^o^v^id^{e in}^ter^c^oⁿⁿ^ectioⁿ^f^o^r
^di^s^t^ri^bu^t^e^{d g}^eⁿ^e^ratⁱ^oⁿ^,
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^com^bⁱⁿ^{ed h}^{eat an}^{d pow}^{er, an}^d^dis^t^{rict h}^eatin^g^an^{d coolin}^g
^g/w^sy^st^e^m^{s t}^h^a^t^ha^ve^a^ge^ne^r^a^tⁱ^oⁿ
^s^.or^capaci^t^y^of^{250 k}ⁱ^l^o^w^a^t^t^s^(k^W)
^le^ak^{or l}^e^s^sⁱ^f^t^h^{e ow}ⁿ^e^{r or operat}^o^r
^o^f^th^{e g}^eⁿ^e^r^a^tin^g^f^acility
^://wiki^co^m^p^{lies w}^ith^techⁿⁱ^cal
^h^ttp^s^t^an^dards^adopt^{ed by}^t^h^{e s}^t^at^e
^r^e^g^u^l^ato^r^y^au^th^o^r^ity^{. I}ⁿ
^ad^d^itioⁿ^,^th^{e g}^eⁿ^e^r^a^tin^g^f^acility
^{is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^p^a^y^th^{e co}^st
^estab^lish^e^d^b^y^th^{e state}
^r^e^g^u^l^ato^r^y^au^th^o^r^ity^f^o^r
ⁱⁿ^ter^c^oⁿⁿ^ectioⁿ^.
^sⁱ^s^t^{ance for}^No^cu^r^r^en^{t law}^.^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1144.}^T^h^{e Secretary}^of
ⁱ^{n respo}^nsibilities.^En^er^g^y^{is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^o^f^f^e^r
^techⁿⁱ^{cal as}^sⁱ^s^t^an^{ce to as}^sⁱ^s^t^th^e
^r^e^g^u^l^ato^r^y^au^th^o^r^{ities w}^ith
^dev^e^l^opiⁿ^g^an^{d i}^m^pl^em^en^tⁱⁿ^g
^techⁿⁱ^{cal s}^t^an^dards^requ^ired
^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^.

CRS-24
Renewable Energy
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^e^tering.^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16071.}^Each^s^t^{ate pu}^blic^{Sec. 1141.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^u^tility^co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^{is au}^th^o^r^ized
^to^d^ecid^e^ifⁿ^e^{t m}^e^terⁱⁿ^g^w^{ill b}^e
^im^p^l^em^en^ted^.^A^{ll u}^{tilities ar}^e
^requⁱ^r^{ed t}^o^provⁱ^d^{e n}^e^t
^m^e^terⁱⁿ^g^f^o^r^elig^ib^{le g}^eⁿ^e^r^a^tin^g
^f^{acilities th}^{at co}ⁿ^f^o^r^m^to^size
^an^{d f}^u^{el requ}^irem^en^ts^{. Size}
^lim^its^{are 500 k}^ilow^a^ttts^(k^w⁾
^fo^r^c^o^m^m^e^r^c^ia^{l sy}^ste^m^{s a}ⁿ^d¹⁰
^kw^fo^r^r^e^sid^e^ntia^{l sy}^ste^m^s.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^Resid^eⁿ^{tial g}^eⁿ^e^r^a^to^r^s^ar^e
^g/w^lim^ited^to^so^lar^en^er^g^y^{, w}ⁱⁿ^d
^s^.or^en^erg^y^{or f}^u^{el cells}^.
^le^ak^Co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial f}^{acilities ar}^{e lim}^ited
^to^so^la^r^,^wⁱ^nd^,^bⁱ^o^m^a^ss,
^://wiki^g^e^oth^e^rm^{al, f}^u^{el cells}^or
^h^ttp^com^bⁱⁿ^{ed h}^{eat an}^{d pow}^er.
^a^{ble energ}^y^pro^ductⁱ^oⁿ^EPA^C^T^S^{ec. 1212 prov}ⁱ^d^es^a^{Sec. 16072.}^Elig^ib^ility^is^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

¹^.⁵^cen^t/k^w^hⁱⁿ^cen^tiv^{e f}^o^r^e^x^t^e^nd^e^d^t^h^r^o^ugh^{2023 an}^d
^pow^{er produ}^{ced f}^r^om^wⁱⁿ^d^an^d^ex^pan^d^{ed to in}^clu^d^{e electric}
^biom^as^s^by^s^t^{ate an}^{d local}^cooperatⁱ^v^es^an^{d t}^rⁱ^b^al
^go^ve^rⁿ^m^e^nt^{s a}ⁿ^d^no^n-p^r^o^fⁱ^t^go^ve^rⁿ^m^e^nt^s.^Q^u^a^lⁱ^f^yⁱ^ng
^el^ect^ri^cal^cooperatⁱ^v^es^{. F}^uⁿ^d^ed^res^o^u^r^ces^{are ex}^pan^d^{ed to}
^by^appropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^{, i}^t^w^a^s^creat^edⁱⁿ^clu^d^{e lan}^d^f^{ill g}^a^s.
^to^p^a^r^a^{llel th}^{e r}^eⁿ^e^w^a^b^l^{e en}^er^g^y
^p^r^o^d^u^ctioⁿ^tax^cr^ed^{it f}^o^r
^b^u^sin^e^{sses (}^T^{itle XI}^X)^.

CRS-25
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^a^{ble energy on Federal}^No^ex^istin^g^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^t.^{Sec. 16073.}^T^h^{e Secretary}^of^th^e^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^Iⁿ^te^rⁱ^o^r^,^a^ssiste^d^b^y^the
^Secretary^of^A^g^ricu^ltu^{re, is}
^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^stu^d^y^th^{e p}^o^t^en^tial
^f^o^{r s}^o^{lar an}^{d w}ⁱⁿ^d^en^erg^y
^r^e^so^ur^c^e^s^oⁿ^fe^d^e^r^a^{l la}^nd^s.^A^l^so^,
^th^{e Natio}ⁿ^a^{l A}^cad^em^y^o^f
^Scien^ces^(NA^S^{) is}^{directed to}
^stu^d^y^th^{e p}^o^t^en^{tial f}^o^r^so^lar^,
^wⁱⁿ^d^{, an}^{d ocean}^en^erg^y^on^th^e
^Ou^ter^Coⁿ^tin^en^{tal Sh}^elf^.
^s^e^s^s^m^{ent of renew}^able^No^ex^istin^g^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^t.^{Sec. 16074.}^{DOE is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^ources^.^r^e^p^o^r^t^a^nnua^l^l^y^oⁿ^r^e^so^ur^c^e^p^o^t^en^{tial, in}^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^so^lar^,^wⁱⁿ^d^,
^g/w^biom^as^s^,^ocean^{, g}^e^oth^e^rm^{al, an}^d
^s^.or^h^y^dro.
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-26
Market Transparency, Round Trip Trading Prohibition, and Enforcement
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^a^rk^{et trans}^p^{arency rules}^.^In^part^{, C}^o^m^m^odi^t^y^Ex^ch^an^g^e^{Sec. 16081.}^Wi^t^hⁱⁿ^{180 day}^s^{Sec. 1171.}^Wi^t^hⁱⁿ^{180 day}^s
^A^c^t^{(7 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{1 et}^s^e^q.)^af^{ter en}^actm^eⁿ^t^{, FER}^C^is^af^{ter en}^actm^eⁿ^t^{, FER}^C^is
^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^issu^{e r}^u^{les to}^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^issu^{e r}^u^{les to}
^es^tablis^h^an^electronⁱ^{c s}^y^s^t^em^es^tablis^h^an^electronⁱ^{c s}^y^s^t^em
^th^{at p}^r^o^v^id^{es in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^ab^o^u^t^th^{at p}^r^o^v^id^{es in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^ab^o^u^t
^th^{e av}^ailab^ility^an^d^p^r^{ice o}^f^th^{e av}^ailab^ility^an^d^p^r^{ice o}^f
^w^h^oles^{ale electric en}^erg^y^an^d^w^h^oles^{ale electric en}^erg^y^an^d
^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^se^r^v^ic^e^s^.^tr^aⁿ^sm^issioⁿ^se^r^v^ic^e^s^.
^Co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial o}^r^fⁱⁿ^aⁿ^c^ial^Co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial o}^r^fⁱⁿ^aⁿ^c^ial
ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^th^{at FERC}ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^th^{at FERC}
^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es to}^b^e^p^r^iv^ileg^e^d^,^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es to}^b^e^p^r^iv^ileg^e^d^,
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^coⁿ^f^id^en^{tial, o}^r^o^t^h^e^r^w^ise^coⁿ^f^id^en^{tial, o}^r^o^t^h^e^r^w^ise
^g/w^sen^s^itiv^{e is ex}^em^p^t^f^r^o^m^sen^s^itiv^{e is ex}^em^p^t^f^r^o^m
^s^.or^dⁱ^sc^lo^sur^e^.^dⁱ^sclo^su^r^e^{. FERC is to}^en^su^r^e
^le^ak^th^{at m}^a^rk^ets^{are protected f}^r^om
^pos^sⁱ^bl^{e col}^l^u^sⁱ^on^{or ot}^h^e^{r an}^tⁱ^-
^://wiki^co^m^p^etitiv^{e actio}ⁿ^s^th^{at co}^u^l^d
^h^ttp^o^ccu^r^w^ith^p^u^b^{lic d}ⁱ^sclo^su^r^e^o^f
^tran^s^action^-^s^p^ecifⁱ^{c in}^f^o^rm^ation^.
^T^h^{e s}^ection^doesⁿ^o^{t af}^f^{ect th}^e
^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^o^f^th^{e Co}^m^m^o^d^ity
^Futur^e^{s T}^r^a^d^{ing Co}^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ
^w^ith^res^p^{ect to accou}ⁿ^t^s^,
^ag^reem^en^ts^{, con}^t^racts^,^or
^tr^an^sactioⁿ^sⁱⁿ^co^m^m^o^d^ities
^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e C}^o^m^m^odity^Ex^ch^an^g^e
^Ac^t^.

CRS-27
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^a^rk^{et trans}^p^arency.^Co^m^m^o^d^ity^Ex^ch^an^g^e^A^c^{t (}⁷^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1173.}^P^a^rag^r^aph^{(a) m}^a^k^e^s^{It appears}^th^{at th}^{e broad an}^ti-
^U^.^S^.^C^.^{1 et}^s^e^q.).^{it a v}ⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^o^f^th^{e Co}^m^m^o^d^ity^f^r^au^d^au^th^o^r^ity^g^r^an^ted^to^th^e
^E^x^c^h^a^nge^A^c^t^t^o^kno^wⁱ^ngl^y^Co^m^m^o^d^ity^Fu^tu^r^e^{s T}^r^adⁱⁿ^g
^p^r^o^v^id^{e f}^a^{lse in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^to^a^Co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ⁽^C^FT^C)ⁱⁿ^sectioⁿ
^g^o^v^e^rⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^en^tity^o^r^o^t^h^e^r^d^a^ta⁴^b⁽ⁱ^{n c}^u^r^r^e^nt^l^a^w^o^r^und^e^r^t^h^e
^co^m^p^ilerⁱⁿ^an^attem^p^{t to}^propos^{ed am}^en^dm^en^t⁾^m^a^y
^m^aⁿⁱ^p^u^{late r}^e^p^o^r^{ts r}^e^latin^g^to^already^en^com^p^as^s^th^{e ty}^{pe of}
ⁿ^a^tu^r^a^{l g}^a^{s o}^r^electrⁱ^city^m^aⁿⁱ^pu^lativ^{e beh}^a^vⁱ^{or s}^p^ecifⁱ^ed
^m^a^rk^ets^.^T^h^{e s}^ection^als^oⁱⁿ^parag^r^aph^(a).

^ch^an^g^e^s^th^{e w}^o^rdin^g^of^Section
^{4b of}^t^h^{e C}^o^m^m^odi^t^y^Ex^ch^an^g^e
^A^c^{t. Clar}^if^{ies CFT}^C^au^th^o^r^ity^to
^b^rⁱ^{ng a}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^v^e^o^r^cⁱ^vi^l
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^action^s^ag^ain^s^{t v}ⁱ^olators^of^th^e^Co^m^m^o^d^ity^Ex^ch^an^g^e^A^c^{t. Fo}^r
^g/w^F^Y^{2004 s}^u^ch^f^uⁿ^d^s^asⁿ^eces^s^a^ry
^s^.or^to^car^r^y^o^u^{t th}^{is sectio}ⁿ^ar^e
^le^ak^au^th^orized.
^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-28
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^o^h^ibit^io^{n o}ⁿ^ro^{und t}^r^ip^{18 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{1341 (m}^ai^l^f^r^au^d):^{Sec. 16082.}^I^t^{is u}ⁿ^l^aw^f^u^{l f}^o^r^{Sec. 1172.}^I^t^{is a v}ⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^o^f^T^h^{is sectio}ⁿ^ex^p^licitly^ap^p^lies
ⁱⁿ^g.^T^h^{is in}^p^a^r^t^ap^p^{lies to}^u^s^{e o}^f^th^e^an^yⁱⁿ^di^vⁱ^du^al^{, corporat}ⁱ^oⁿ^,^or^th^{is A}^c^{t to}^kⁿ^o^wⁱⁿ^g^l^y^an^d^ex^is^tin^g^f^r^au^{d s}^t^atu^t^es^{to rou}ⁿ^d^-
^m^aⁱ^l^f^o^{r t}^h^{e pu}^rpos^{e of}^an^y^g^o^v^e^rⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^en^tity^w^illf^u^lly^r^e^p^o^r^{t f}^a^lse^tr^ip^electrⁱ^city^tr^adⁱⁿ^g^.
^ex^ecu^tin^g^,^o^r^attem^p^tin^g^to⁽^m^uⁿⁱ^cip^a^lity^{, state, p}^o^w^erⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^r^e^latin^g^to^th^{e p}^r^ice
^ex^ecu^{te, a s}^c^h^e^m^e^{or artif}^{ice to}^m^a^r^k^e^tⁱ^{ng a}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^oⁿ⁾^t^o^of^electricity^s^o^{ld at w}^h^oles^ale
^def^r^au^{d or f}^o^{r obt}^aiⁿⁱⁿ^g^m^oⁿ^e^y^e^nga^geⁱⁿ^r^o^und^-t^rⁱ^p^e^l^e^c^t^rⁱ^cⁱ^t^y^o^r^th^{e av}^ailab^ility^o^f
^{or propert}^y^by^f^a^l^s^{e or}^t^r^a^dⁱ^ng.^Ro^und^-t^rⁱ^p^t^r^a^dⁱ^{ng i}^s^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ^cap^acity^{. I}^t^is
^f^r^au^du^len^t^preten^s^e^s^,^defⁱⁿ^e^{d to in}^clu^d^{e con}^t^racts^uⁿ^l^aw^f^u^{l f}^o^{r an}^yⁱⁿ^divⁱ^du^al,
^repres^en^t^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^{, or prom}ⁱ^s^es^.^w^h^{ere pu}^rch^a^s^e^an^{d s}^a^le^c^o^r^p^o^r^a^tⁱ^o^n,^o^r^aⁿ^y^go^ve^rⁿ^m^e^nt
^t^r^aⁿ^sa^c^tⁱ^o^{ns ha}^ve^no^sp^e^cⁱ^fi^c^en^tity⁽^m^uⁿⁱ^cip^a^lity^{, state,}
^{18 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{1343 (w}ⁱ^r^{e f}^r^au^d):^fⁱⁿ^aⁿ^c^{ial g}^aⁱⁿ^o^r^lo^{ss an}^d^ar^e^p^o^w^e^r^m^a^r^k^e^tⁱ^{ng a}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^oⁿ⁾
^C^o^v^e^rs^u^s^{e of}^wⁱ^{re, radi}^{o, or}^en^ter^e^dⁱⁿ^to^w^ith^th^{e in}^ten^t^to^t^o^e^nga^geⁱⁿ^r^o^und^-t^rⁱ^p
^televⁱ^sioⁿ^co^m^m^uⁿⁱ^catioⁿⁱⁿ^di^s^t^ort^report^e^{d rev}^eⁿ^u^e^s^,^electricity^tradin^g^.^R^o^uⁿ^d^-^t^rip
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}ⁱⁿ^ter^s^{tate o}^r^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^co^m^m^e^r^c^e^to^tr^an^sm^{it o}^r^to^cau^{se to}^b^e^tr^adⁱⁿ^g^v^o^lu^m^e^{s, o}^r^p^r^ices.^tradin^gⁱⁿ^clu^d^es^con^t^racts^w^h^{ere pu}^rch^a^s^e^an^{d s}^a^le
^g/w^tr^an^sm^itted^an^y^w^r^itin^g^s^{, sig}ⁿ^s^,^t^r^aⁿ^sa^c^tⁱ^o^{ns ha}^ve^no^sp^e^cⁱ^fi^c
^s^.or^si^gna^l^s^,^pⁱ^c^t^ur^e^s^,^o^r^so^und^s,^fo^r^fⁱⁿ^aⁿ^c^{ial g}^aⁱⁿ^o^r^lo^{ss an}^d^ar^e
^le^ak^th^{e pu}^rpos^{e of}^ex^ecu^tin^g^a^en^ter^e^dⁱⁿ^to^w^ith^th^{e in}^ten^t^to
^s^c^h^e^m^e^{or art}ⁱ^fⁱ^{ce t}^o^def^r^au^{d or}^di^s^t^ort^report^e^{d rev}^eⁿ^u^e^s^,
^://wiki^f^o^{r obt}^aiⁿⁱⁿ^g^m^oⁿ^e^y^{or propert}^y^tr^adⁱⁿ^g^v^o^lu^m^e^{s, o}^r^p^r^ices.
^h^ttp^by^m^ean^s^of^f^a^l^s^{e or f}^r^au^du^l^eⁿ^t
^preten^s^e^s^,^repres^en^tation^s^{, or}
^promⁱ^s^es^.
ⁿ^f^ormⁱⁿ^g^ch^an^ges^.^{16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^824.^{Sec. 16083.}^C^h^an^g^e^s^ref^l^ect^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^am^en^dm^en^ts^{to th}^{e Federal}
^Pow^e^r^A^c^t^.

CRS-29
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
ⁿ^forcem^ent.^Cr^imⁱⁿ^{al p}^eⁿ^a^{lties m}^a^yⁿ^o^t^{Sec. 16084.}^Th^e^F^e^d^e^r^a^l^P^o^w^e^r^{Sec. 1174.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^Iⁿ^th^{e Ho}^u^s^{e v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^,^Sectioⁿ
^ex^{ceed $5,000 an}^{d/or 2 y}^ears^A^c^{t is}^am^en^{ded to allow}^electric^(s^{ee com}^m^eⁿ^t^.)^{16084(b) cl}^ari^fⁱ^e^s^t^h^at^al^l
^im^p^r^isoⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^{. A}^civ^{il p}^eⁿ^a^lty^u^{tilities to}^f^{ile a co}^m^p^lain^{t w}^ith^en^{tities th}^{at h}^a^v^e^f^iled
ⁿ^o^{t ex}^ceedin^g^{$10,000 per day}^{FERC an}^d^to^allo^w^co^m^p^lain^ts^co^m^p^lain^{ts m}^a^y^r^e^q^u^{est a}
^of^vⁱ^ol^atⁱ^oⁿ^m^a^y^{be as}^s^e^s^s^e^{d f}^o^r^to^b^e^f^iled^ag^ain^s^{t tr}^an^sm^ittin^g^r^e^he^a^rⁱ^{ng i}^f^FE^{RC d}^eⁿⁱ^e^s^a
^vⁱ^ol^atⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^s^{211, 212,}^u^{tilities. Cr}^imⁱⁿ^{al an}^d^civⁱ^l^petition^.^S.A^m^{dt 1412 in}^clu^d^es
^{213, or 214 of}^t^h^{e F}^e^deral^p^eⁿ^a^{lties u}ⁿ^d^er^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^l^{a p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^toⁱⁿ^cr^{ease p}^eⁿ^a^lties
^Pow^e^{r A}^c^t^{(16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{825e an}^d^P^o^w^e^{r A}^c^{t are in}^creas^ed.^uⁿ^d^er^th^{e Natu}^r^a^{l Gas A}^c^{t (}¹⁵
^{16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^825o).^U^.^S^.^C^.^717t^{). T}^hⁱ^sⁱ^sⁿ^o^t
ⁱⁿ^cl^u^d^{ed i}ⁿ^S^.^A^m^dt^{. 1412.}
Consumer Protections
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}
^g/wⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^s^.or^{und ef}^f^ect^iv^{e da}^t^e^.^Re^fund^{s fo}^r^r^a^te^{s tha}^t^FE^RC^{Sec. 16091.}^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{206(b) of}^{Sec. 1175.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

^le^ak^fi^nd^{s t}^o^b^e^unj^ust^,^unr^e^a^s^oⁿ^a^b^l^e^,^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^{t is}
^://wiki^und^ul^y^dⁱ^sc^rⁱ^mⁱ^na^t^o^r^y^,^o^r^pref^eren^{tial beg}ⁱⁿ^{a m}ⁱⁿⁱ^m^u^m^of^am^en^{ded to allow}^th^{e ef}^f^ectiv^e^d^a^t^e^fo^r^r^e^fund^{s t}^o^b^e^gi^{n a}^t^t^h^e
^h^ttp⁶⁰^d^a^y^s^af^ter^{a co}^m^p^lain^{t is f}^iled^tim^{e o}^f^th^{e f}^ilin^g^o^f^{a co}^m^p^lain^t
^{(16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^824e(b)).^w^ith^{FERC b}^u^{t n}^o^{t later}^th^an⁵
^m^o^nt^{hs a}^f^t^e^r^fi^lⁱ^{ng o}^f^a
^co^m^p^lain^t.

CRS-30
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^d^{iction over inters}^tate^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^201(f⁾^of^t^h^{e F}^e^deral^{Sec. 16092.}^Aⁿ^y^en^tity^th^{at is}^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^A^s^en^g^r^o^ssedⁱⁿ^th^{e Ho}^u^s^{e, th}^is
^le^s.^P^o^w^e^r^A^c^t^e^x^e^m^p^t^{s go}^ve^rⁿ^m^e^ntⁿ^o^{t a p}^u^b^{lic u}^tility⁽ⁱⁿ^c^lu^dⁱⁿ^g^an^sectioⁿ^{is in}^ten^d^ed^to^ex^em^p^t
^en^{tities f}^r^o^m^{FERC r}^a^te^en^tity^ref^e^{rred to u}ⁿ^d^{er §201(f}⁾^an^y^{coop or an}^en^tity^des^c^ribed
^reg^u^l^atⁱ^oⁿ^{(16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^824).^o^f^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^t)^an^dⁱⁿ^§201(f⁾^of^t^h^{e F}^e^deral^Pow^e^r
^th^{at en}^ter^sⁱⁿ^to^sp^o^t^m^a^r^k^et^A^c^{t th}^{at d}^o^e^{s n}^o^{t sell m}^o^r^e^th^at
^tr^an^sactioⁿ^s^w^{ill b}^e^su^b^j^{ect to}⁴^m^illioⁿ^m^e^g^a^w^a^tt-^h^o^u^r^{s o}^f
^{FERC r}^e^f^uⁿ^d^au^th^o^r^ity^{. T}^h^is^electricityⁱⁿ^on^{e y}^ear.
^sectioⁿ^d^o^e^{s n}^o^{t ap}^p^l^y^to^Ho^w^e^v^e^r^,^{as d}^r^af^ted^,^th^{is sectio}ⁿ
^cooperatⁱ^v^es^{or g}^o^v^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^co^u^l^d^b^eⁱⁿ^ter^p^r^e^ted^as
^en^{tities (}^p^o^w^er^m^a^r^k^etin^g^ex^em^ptin^g^all^§201(f⁾^en^tities
^admⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ration^s^{, s}^t^ate-^owⁿ^e^d^f^r^o^m^{FERC r}^e^f^uⁿ^d^au^th^o^r^ity^.

^u^{tilities, m}^uⁿⁱ^cip^a^lities)^th^{at sell}
ⁿ^o^m^o^r^e^th^an⁴^m^illioⁿ
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^m^e^ga^w^a^t^t^-^ho^ur^{s o}^f^e^l^e^c^t^rⁱ^cⁱ^t^y^{per y}^{ear. U}^pon^fⁱⁿ^dⁱⁿ^g^t^h^at
^g/w^actioⁿ^{is n}^ecessar^y^to^p^r^o^t^{ect th}^e
^s^.or^p^u^b^{lic in}^ter^e^{st, FERC m}^a^y
^le^ak^m^odif^y^{or abrog}^a^{te an}^y^con^t^ract
^en^{tered in}^{to af}^{ter en}^actm^eⁿ^t^of
^://wiki^th^is^s^ection^uⁿ^l^es^s^th^{e con}^t^ract
^h^ttp^ex^pres^s^l^y^provⁱ^d^es^f^o^{r a}
^di^f^f^e^ren^t^s^t^an^{dard of}^revⁱ^ew^.

CRS-31
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^nsum^{er priv}^a^c^y^.^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16093.}^Th^e^F^e^d^e^r^a^l^Tr^a^d^e^{Sec. 1184.}^Sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^T^h^e^H^o^use^ve^r^sⁱ^o^{n i}ⁿ^c^l^ud^e^s^a
^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^(F^T^C^{) i}^s^requⁱ^r^ed^(s^{ee com}^m^eⁿ^t^s^.⁾^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^th^{at th}^{e FT}^C
^to^issu^{e r}^u^{les to}^p^r^o^t^{ect th}^e^prom^u^l^g^a^{te ru}^lesⁱⁿ^accordan^ce
^priv^acy^of^{electric con}^s^u^m^ers^wⁱ^t^h^{5 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{553. T}^hⁱ^sⁱ^sⁿ^o^t
^f^o^{r th}^{e dis}^c^los^u^{re of}^con^s^u^m^erⁱⁿ^cl^u^d^{ed i}ⁿ^S^.^A^m^dt^{. 1412.}
ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^o^b^t^ain^e^dⁱⁿ
^coⁿⁿ^ectioⁿ^w^ith^th^{e sale o}^r
^deliv^ery^of^{electric en}^erg^y^to
^con^s^u^m^ers^.^If^th^{e Federal T}^r^ade
^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^fⁱⁿ^d^s^th^{at a s}^t^ate’^s
^r^e^gul^a^tⁱ^o^{ns p}^r^o^vⁱ^d^e^e^q^ui^va^l^e^nt
^{or g}^r^{eater protection}^th^an^th^e
^r^u^{les issu}^ed^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^,
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^th^en^{state r}^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^w^{ill ap}^p^l^y^r^a^th^er^th^an^f^e^d^e^r^a^{l r}^u^les.
^g/w
^s^.or^fai^r^trad^{e p}^r^acti^ces^.^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16094.}^Th^e^F^e^d^e^r^a^l^Tr^a^d^e^{Sec. 1185.}^Sⁱ^mⁱ^l^a^{r prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^.^A^m^dt^{. 1412 w}^o^u^l^{d al}^l^o^w^a
^le^ak^Co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^{is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^issu^e^s^t^{ate to approv}^{e a ch}^an^g^e^of
^r^u^{les to}^p^r^o^h^ib^{it slam}^mⁱⁿ^g^an^d^{electric prov}^{ider on}^ly^{to prev}^en^t
^://wiki^cram^mⁱⁿ^g^.^If^th^{e Federal T}^r^ade^th^{e los}^s^of^s^e^rv^{ice. T}^h^{e Hou}^s^e
^h^ttp^Co^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es th}^{at a}^v^e^rs^ion^doesⁿ^o^{t place th}^is^lim^it.
^s^t^ate’^s^reg^u^l^ation^s^prov^{ide equ}^a^l^T^h^e^H^o^use^ve^r^sⁱ^o^{n i}ⁿ^c^l^ud^e^s^a
^{or g}^r^{eater protection}^th^an^th^e^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^th^{at th}^{e FT}^C
^f^e^{deral ru}^{le, th}^en^{a s}^t^ate’^s^prom^u^l^g^a^{te ru}^lesⁱⁿ^accordan^ce
^r^e^gul^a^tⁱ^o^{ns o}ⁿ^sl^a^m^mⁱ^{ng a}ⁿ^d^w^ith
^cr^am^mⁱⁿ^g^w^{ill ap}^p^l^y^.^{5 U}^.^S^.^C^.^553.
^Slam^mⁱⁿ^g^occu^rs^w^h^en^an
^electrⁱ^{c u}^tility^sw^itch^e^{s a}
^cu^s^t^om^er’^s^{electric prov}^ider
^w^ith^o^u^{t th}^{e co}ⁿ^s^u^m^er^’^s
^kno^w^l^e^d^ge^.^Cr^a^m^mⁱ^{ng o}^c^c^u^r^s
^w^h^en^an^electrⁱ^{c u}^tility^ad^d^s
^ad^d^itioⁿ^a^{l ser}^v^{ices an}^d^ch^ar^g^e^s
^{to a cu}^s^t^om^er’^s^accouⁿ^t^w^ith^ou^t
^t^h^{e perm}ⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^of^t^h^{e cu}^s^t^om^er.

CRS-32
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^endm^ents^.^F^e^deral^Pow^e^{r A}^c^t^.^{16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1191.}^Re^d^e^si^gna^t^e^s^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{721(4) of}^t^h^{e En}^erg^y
^824j^.^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{211 of}^Polⁱ^c^y^A^c^t^of^{1992 (P.L}^{. 102-}
^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^t.^{486) s}^t^ru^ck^parag^r^aph^s^{(1), (3),}
^P^r^ov^ides^f^o^{r tech}ⁿⁱ^cal^an^d⁽⁴⁾^w^ith^o^u^{t r}^e^d^e^sigⁿ^a^tin^g
^correction^s^.^parag^r^aph^{(2). T}^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^al^s^o
^replaces^th^{e w}^o^{rd “}^o^f^”^th^at
^ap^p^ear^{s in}^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^w^ith^th^e
^w^o^r^d^“^o^r^,^{” to}^coⁿ^f^o^r^m^w^ith^th^e
^o^r^igⁱⁿ^{al in}^ten^t^o^f^th^{e En}^er^g^y
^Polⁱ^c^y^A^c^t^of^1992.
^a^rk^et-bas^{ed policy.}^FER^C^approv^es^w^h^oles^{ale rates}^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1182.}^{FERC is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to
^f^o^{r th}^{e s}^a^{le of}^{electric en}^erg^y^.^is^s^u^{e a policy}^s^t^atem^en^{t th}^at
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^T^h^e^s^e^r^a^te^{s m}^u^{st b}^e^j^u^{st a}ⁿ^d^reas^on^able.^estab^lish^e^{s w}^h^en^u^{tilities m}^a^y^ch^arg^e^m^a^rk^et-^b^as^{ed rates}^f^o^r
^g/w^{electric en}^erg^y^{. T}^h^{e policy}^m^u^s^t
^s^.or^con^s^{ider con}^s^u^m^{er protection}^s
^le^ak^an^{d m}^a^rk^{et pow}^er.

^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-33
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^ter-agen^c^{y revi}^e^w^of^No^cu^r^r^en^{t law}^.^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.^{Sec. 1183.}^C^r^eates^th^{e “}^E^lectric
^p^{etition in the w}^h^oles^ale^En^er^g^y^Mar^k^{et Co}^m^p^etitioⁿ
^a^rk^et^s^{for electric}^T^a^s^k^{Force” con}^s^is^tin^g^of^on^e
^me^mb^e^r^f^r^o^m^t^h^e^D^e^p^a^r^t^meⁿ^t^o^f
^J^u^s^{tice, on}^{e m}^e^m^b^{er f}^r^om
^F^E^R^C^,^oⁿ^e^me^mb^e^r^f^r^o^m^t^h^e
^F^e^deral^T^r^{ade C}^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^{, on}^e
^me^mb^e^r^f^r^o^m^t^h^e^D^e^p^a^r^t^meⁿ^t^o^f
^En^erg^y^{, an}^{d on}^{e m}^e^m^b^{er f}^r^om
^th^{e Ru}^r^a^{l Utilities Ser}^v^ice.
^W^ithⁱⁿ^on^{e y}^{ear of}^en^actm^eⁿ^t^,
^th^{e task}^f^o^r^{ce w}^{ill co}^m^p^{lete a}
^s^t^u^d^y^an^{d an}^aly^s^is^of
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^co^m^p^etitioⁿ^w^ithⁱⁿ^th^e^w^h^oles^{ale an}^{d retail m}^a^rk^ets^f^o^r
^g/w^{electric en}^erg^yⁱⁿ^th^{e Un}^ited
^s^.or^States^an^{d is}^s^u^{e a report to}
^le^ak^Co^ngr^e^ss.

^://wiki
^h^ttp

CRS-34
Merger Review Reform and Accountability
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^{erger review}^reform^and^Uⁿ^{der S}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{203(a) of}^t^h^e^{Sec. 16101.}^Wi^t^hⁱⁿ^{180 day}^s^of^{Sec. 1181.}^{FERC is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^to
^unt^a^b^ilit^y^.^Fed^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^{t, FERC}^en^actm^eⁿ^t^{, th}^{e Secretary}^of^approv^{e an}^y^m^e^rg^{er, s}^a^{le, leas}^e,
^revⁱ^ew^of^as^s^e^{t tran}^s^f^ers^applies^En^er^g^y^sh^{all tr}^an^sm^{it to}^o^r^dⁱ^sp^o^s^itioⁿ^o^f^en^tir^{e electr}ⁱ^c
^to^tr^an^sactioⁿ^s^v^a^lu^ed^at^Co^ngr^e^{ss a}^st^ud^y^oⁿ^w^h^e^t^he^r^f^{acilities w}^ith^{a v}^a^lu^{e in}^ex^cess
^{$50,000 or m}^o^{re (16 U}^.^S^.^C^.^FER^C^’^s^m^e^rg^{er rev}ⁱ^ew^au^th^ority^of^{$10,000,000. F}^E^R^Cⁱ^s
^824b).^{is d}^u^p^licativ^{e w}^ith^o^t^h^e^r^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^toⁿ^o^tif^y^th^{e Go}^v^e^rⁿ^o^r
^ag^en^cies^’^au^th^ority^an^d^an^{d s}^t^at^{e reg}^u^l^at^ory^bodyⁱ^f^t^h^e
^recom^m^eⁿ^d^ation^s^th^{at w}^o^u^l^d^action^w^o^u^l^{d af}^f^{ect ph}^y^s^ical
^elimⁱⁿ^{ate an}^y^uⁿⁿ^eces^s^a^ry^propertyⁱⁿ^th^{e s}^t^{ate. FER}^C^is
^d^u^p^licatioⁿ^.^{FERC is r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^requⁱ^r^{ed t}^o^approv^{e t}^h^e
^t^oⁱ^ssue^aⁿ^a^nnua^l^r^e^p^o^r^t^t^o^propos^{ed dis}^pos^ition^,
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^Co^ngr^e^{ss d}^e^sc^rⁱ^bⁱ^{ng a}^l^l^coⁿ^s^o^lid^atioⁿ^,^acq^uⁱ^sitioⁿ^o^r
^g/w^coⁿ^d^itioⁿ^s^p^l^aced^oⁿ^m^e^rg^ers^ch^an^g^e^o^f^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l if}^th^e
^s^.or^uⁿ^d^{er S}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{203(b) of}^t^h^e^tr^an^sactioⁿ^{is in}^th^{e p}^u^b^lic
^le^ak^Fed^e^r^a^{l P}^o^w^e^r^A^c^{t. FERC is}ⁱⁿ^teres^t^{. T}^h^es^{e ch}^an^g^e^s^are
^also^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^toⁱⁿ^clu^d^{e in}^its^ef^f^ectiv^{e 12 m}^oⁿ^t^h^s^af^ter
^://wiki^r^e^p^o^r^{t w}^h^eth^e^r^su^ch^{a co}ⁿ^d^itioⁿ^en^actm^eⁿ^t^.

^h^ttp^c^o^ul^d^ha^ve^b^e^eⁿⁱ^m^p^o^s^e^d^und^e^r
^an^y^ot^h^e^{r prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^e
^F^e^deral^P^o^w^e^{r A}^c^t^.

CRS-35
Study of Economic Dispatch
ⁱ^on^Cu^rren^{t L}^a^w^H^ou^s^e^S^.^Am^d^t^{. 1412}^Com^m^eⁿ^t^s
^udy^oⁿ^t^h^{e benef}ⁱ^t^s^o^f^{No cu}^rren^{t law}^.^{Sec. 16111.}^T^h^{e Secretary}^of^No^sim^ilar^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.

ⁱ^{c dis}^p^atch.^En^er^g^y^{, in}^coⁿ^s^u^ltatioⁿ^w^ith^th^e
^sta^t^e^s^,^w^{ill issue}^aⁿ^a^nnua^l
^{report to C}^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^an^{d th}^{e s}^t^ates
^on^th^{e cu}^rren^t^s^t^atu^s^of
^econ^o^mⁱ^{c dis}^p^atch^{. Econ}^om^ic
^di^s^p^at^chⁱ^s^defⁱⁿ^e^{d as}^“^t^h^e
^o^p^e^r^a^tioⁿ^o^f^g^eⁿ^e^r^a^tioⁿ^f^acilities
^{to produ}^{ce en}^erg^y^{at th}^{e low}^e^s^t
^cos^t^{to reliably}^s^e^rv^{e con}^s^u^m^ers^,
^r^e^c^o^gni^zⁱ^{ng a}ⁿ^y^o^p^e^r^a^tⁱ^o^na^l
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32041}^lim^{its o}^f^g^eⁿ^e^r^a^tioⁿ^tr^an^sm^issioⁿ
^g/w^f^{acilities.”}
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp