Duration of Continuing Resolutions in Recent Years

Duration of Continuing Resolutions
in Recent Years
Updated September 11, 2008
Robert Keith
Specialist in American National Government
Government and Finance Division

Duration of Continuing Resolutions
In Recent Years
Summary
Continuing appropriations acts, commonly known as continuing resolutions,
have been an integral component of the annual appropriations process for decades.
Whenever action on one or more of the regular appropriations acts for a fiscal year
is incomplete as the end of a congressional session nears, one issue that arises is the
appropriate duration of any period for which continuing resolutions will be used.
Continuing resolutions may have a relatively short duration in the expectation
that action on the regular appropriations acts will be concluded within several days
or weeks. Alternatively, continuing resolutions may have a longer duration to
postpone final action on appropriations decisions until after elections or into the
beginning of the next congressional session. Finally, a continuing resolution may
provide funding for the remainder of the fiscal year.
The duration of a continuing resolution refers to the period for which continuing
appropriations are made available for the use of agencies. (Legislative provisions,
as opposed to funding provisions, contained in a continuing resolution may remain
in effect for a longer period, even as permanent law.) The period ends either upon
enactment of the applicable regular appropriations act or on an expiration date
specified in the continuing resolution, whichever occurs first.
Over the past half century, the timing patterns for congressional action on
regular appropriations acts have varied considerably, but tardy enactment has been
a recurring problem. During the 57-year period covering FY1952-FY2008, all of the
regular appropriations acts were enacted on time in only four instances (FY1977,
FY1989, FY1995, and FY1997). No continuing resolutions were enacted for three
of these fiscal years, but continuing resolutions were enacted for FY1977 to fund
certain unauthorized programs whose funding had been dropped from the regular
appropriations acts. Further, no continuing resolutions were enacted for FY1953
even though all but one of the regular appropriations were enacted late.
Full-year continuing resolutions provide funding for one or more of the regular
appropriations acts for the remainder of the fiscal year. While Congress has
employed full-year continuing resolutions on many occasions, it has not done so
consistently over time. For each of the 11 fiscal years covering FY1978-FY1988,
Congress enacted a full-year continuing resolution. Three years later, Congress
enacted another full-year continuing resolution, for FY1992. Most recently, a full-
year continuing resolution was enacted for FY2007.
During the past 11 fiscal years (FY1998-FY2008), Congress provided funding
under continuing resolutions for an average each year of about three and one-half
months (110 days). The period for which continuing appropriations were provided
in these 11 years ranged from 21 days to 365 days. On average, each of the 75
continuing resolutions enacted during this period lasted for about 16 days.
This report will be updated as developments warrant.

Contents
Features of Continuing Resolutions................................1
Persistent Need for Continuing Resolutions.........................3
Use of Full-Year Continuing Resolutions...........................4
Recent Congressional Practices (FY1998-FY2008)...................7
List of Figures
Figure 1. Duration of Continuing Resolutions: FY1998-FY2008...........10
List of Tables
Table 1. Full-Year Continuing Resolutions: FY1978-FY2008..............6
Table 2. Number and Duration of Continuing Resolutions: FY1998-FY2008..7
Table 3. Detailed Information on Continuing Resolutions: FY1998-FY2008.11

Duration of Continuing Resolutions
In Recent Years
Continuing appropriations acts, commonly known as continuing resolutions,
have been an integral component of the annual appropriations process for decades.
Whenever action on the regular appropriations acts for a fiscal year is incomplete as
the end of a congressional session nears, one issue that arises is the most appropriate
duration of any period for which continuing resolutions will be used.
Continuing resolutions may have a relatively short duration in the expectation
that action on the regular appropriations acts will be concluded within several days
or weeks. Alternatively, continuing resolutions may have a longer duration to
postpone final action on appropriations decisions until after elections or into the
beginning of the next congressional session. Finally, a continuing resolution may
provide funding for the remainder of the fiscal year.
This report provides information on congressional practices with respect to the
duration of continuing resolutions, including the use of full-year measures, and
focuses particularly on the period covering FY1998-FY2008.
Features of Continuing Resolutions
The routine activities of most federal agencies are funded by means of annual
appropriations provided in one or more of the regular appropriations acts.¹ When
action on the regular appropriations acts is delayed, Congress turns to one or more
continuing appropriations acts to provide stop-gap funding.² In the absence of
regular appropriations, the failure to enact continuing appropriations in a timely
manner results in a funding gap.³ Funding gaps usually require that affected federal⁴

agencies shut down and furlough many of their employees.
¹ The number of regular appropriations acts varied between 11 and 14 during the past half
century, but was fixed at 13 for the period covering FY1968-FY2005. Realignment of the House^th
and Senate Appropriations subcommittees at the beginning of the 109 Congress reduced the
number of regular appropriations acts, beginning with FY2006, to 11; further realignment at the^th
beginning of the 110 Congress changed the number to 12, beginning with FY2008.
² For general information, see CRS Report RL30343, Continuing Resolutions: FY2008
Action and Brief Overview of Recent Practices, by Sandy Streeter.
³ Additional information on this topic is provided in CRS Report RS20348, Federal Funding
Gaps: A Brief Overview, by Robert Keith.
⁴ Exceptions are made under law so that activities for certain authorized purposes, such as
protecting property and the safety of human life, may continue during a funding gap.

Continuing appropriations acts commonly are referred to as continuing
resolutions (or CRs) because usually they provide continuing appropriations in the
form of a joint resolution rather than a bill. Occasionally, however, continuing
appropriations are provided in bill form.
In most of the years in which continuing resolutions have been used, a series of
two or more have been enacted into law. Continuing resolutions may be designated
by their order (e.g., first continuing resolution, second continuing resolution, and so
on) or, after the initial continuing resolution has been enacted, designated merely as
a further continuing resolution.
The duration of a continuing resolution refers to the period for which continuing
appropriations are made available for the use of agencies. (Legislative provisions,
as opposed to funding provisions, contained in a continuing resolution may remain
in effect for a longer period, even as permanent law.) The period ends either upon
enactment of the applicable regular appropriations act or on an expiration date
specified in the continuing resolution, whichever occurs first. The duration of a
continuing resolution may vary for different agencies covered thereunder as an
agency’s regular appropriations act is enacted and its coverage under the continuing
resolution ceases. In addition, a continuing resolution may contain an expiration date
for one or more agencies or programs that differs from the one that applies generally
to the covered agencies and programs.
Section 107 of P.L. 108-84 (117 Stat. 1043), the first continuing resolution for
FY2004 (which began on October 1, 2003), set the duration of the measure at 31
days:
Sec. 107. Unless otherwise provided for in this joint resolution or in the
applicable appropriations Act, appropriations and funds made available and
authority granted pursuant to this joint resolution shall be available until (a)
enactment into law of an appropriation for any project or activity provided for
in this joint resolution, or (b) the enactment into law of the applicable
appropriations Act by both Houses without any provision for such project or
activity, or (c) October 31, 2003, whichever first occurs.
Oftentimes, subsequent continuing resolutions simply will replace the expiration
date in the preceding continuing resolution with a new one. For example, Section 1
of the second continuing resolution for FY2004, P.L. 108-104 (117 Stat. 1200),
stated that “Public Law 108-84 is amended by striking the date specified in Section
107(c) and inserting ‘November 7, 2003’.” This action extended the duration of the
preceding continuing resolution by seven days.
Based upon their duration, continuing resolutions may be classified as either
partial-year or full-year measures. Partial-year continuing resolutions provide
funding for periods usually measured in days or weeks (but sometimes months),
while full-year continuing resolutions provide funding through September 30 of the
next congressional session, the last day of the fiscal year.
By enacting a series of partial-year continuing resolutions, Congress secures
increments of time for itself to complete action on some or all of the remaining

regular appropriations acts before ending the congressional session. The duration of
the continuing resolutions may be shortened, sometimes to a single day, to keep
pressure on legislators to conclude their business, or may be lengthened to weeks to
accommodate lengthy negotiations or congressional recesses. In some cases,
continuing resolutions have carried over into the next session when Congress wanted
to postpone making difficult political or policy decisions. Finally, when it does not
seem likely that one or more of the regular appropriations acts for a fiscal year will
be enacted separately, a full-year continuing resolution may be used to complete
legislative action.
Continuing resolutions usually fund activities under a formula-type approach
that provides spending at a restricted level, such as “at a rate for operations not
exceeding the current rate” (i.e., generally equivalent to the total amount of
appropriations provided for the prior fiscal year). The amount of funding available
for particular activities often is increased when the regular appropriations act
subsequently is enacted. Congress is not bound by these conventions in determining
funding levels, however, and there have been several variations in practice in
continuing resolutions over the years.
In addition, continuing resolutions generally do not allow new activities to be
initiated. Instead, funding usually is available only for activities conducted during
the past year, and existing conditions and limitations on program activity are retained.
Persistent Need for Continuing Resolutions
Over the past half century, the timing patterns for congressional action on
regular appropriations acts have varied considerably, but tardy enactment has been
a recurring problem. During the 57-year period covering FY1952-FY2008, all of the
regular appropriations acts were enacted on time in only four instances (FY1977,
FY1989, FY1995, and FY1997). No continuing resolutions were enacted for three
of these fiscal years, but continuing resolutions were enacted for FY1977 to fund
certain unauthorized programs whose funding had been dropped from the regular
appropriations acts. Further, no continuing resolutions were enacted for FY1953
even though all but one of the regular appropriations were enacted late.⁵
In an effort to reduce the reliance on continuing resolutions, the Congressional
Budget Act of 1974 lengthened the time available for Congress to act on annual
appropriations measures by moving the start of the fiscal year back three months,
from July 1 to October 1.⁶ Procedures under the act first were implemented fully for
FY1977. During the preceding 25 fiscal years, covering FY1952-FY1976, Congress
did not once enact all of the regular appropriations acts on time. As a result, one or

⁵ Section 1414 of P.L. 82-547 (66 Stat. 661) made regular appropriations enacted late
available as of July 1, 1952 (the first day of FY1953) and ratified any obligations incurred
before their enactment.
⁶ Section 501 (88 Stat. 321) of P.L. 93-344; July 12, 1974. This section later was replaced
by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, but the start of the fiscal year remains October

1 (see 31 U.S.C. 1102).

more continuing resolutions were enacted each year during this period, except for
FY1953.⁷
The change made by the 1974 act in the start of the fiscal year yielded
immediate results — all 13 of the regular appropriations acts for FY1977 were
enacted on time. (Despite this achievement, two continuing resolutions were enacted
to fund certain unauthorized programs that had been excluded from the regular
appropriations acts.) The initial success was short-lived, and congressional reliance
on continuing resolutions has persisted in the ensuing years.
After FY1977, all of the regular appropriations acts were enacted on time in
only three other instances — for FY1989, FY1995, and FY1997. Consequently, one
or more continuing resolutions were needed each year during this period, except for
these three fiscal years.
In most years, more than one continuing resolution was needed as Congress
worked to complete action on the regular appropriations acts. The number of
continuing resolutions enacted for a fiscal year during the period covering FY1977-
FY2008 ranged from zero to 21. On average, about five continuing resolutions were
enacted each year during this interval.
Use of Full-Year Continuing Resolutions
Full-year continuing resolutions provide funding for one or more of the regular
appropriations acts for the remainder of the fiscal year (i.e., through June 30 for
FY1976 and prior years, and through September 30 for FY1977 and subsequent
years). They represent a determination by Congress to abandon any further efforts
to enact separately any unfinished regular appropriations acts for the fiscal year, and
to bring the annual appropriations process for that year to a close (except for the later
consideration of supplemental appropriations acts).
While Congress has employed full-year continuing resolutions on many
occasions, it has not done so consistently over time. Prior to the full implementation
of the 1974 Congressional Budget Act for FY1977, full-year continuing resolutions
were used periodically. Full-year continuing resolutions, for example, were enacted
into law for four of the six preceding fiscal years (FY1971, FY1973, FY1975, and
FY1976).⁸
Following the successful completion of action on the regular appropriations acts
for FY1977, Congress returned to the use of full-year continuing resolutions for more

⁷ Although regular appropriations measures for FY1953 were enacted into law after the start
of the fiscal year on July 1, 1952, no continuing appropriations were provided. Section 1414
of P.L. 82-547 (July 15, 1952), a supplemental appropriations measure for FY1953, resolved
the legalities arising from the tardy enactment of appropriations for that year.
⁸ The full-year continuing resolution for FY1976, P.L. 94-254, provided funding through the
end of the fiscal year (June 30, 1976) as well as through the end of a “transition quarter”
(September 30, 1976) made necessary by the change in the start of the fiscal year from July

1 to October 1.

than a decade. For each of the 11 fiscal years following FY1977, covering FY1978-
FY1988, Congress enacted a full-year continuing resolution. Three years later,
Congress enacted another full-year continuing resolution, for FY1992. Most
recently, a full-year continuing resolution was enacted for FY2007.
Full-year continuing resolutions may provide appropriations in different ways,
including (1) by formulaic provisions (e.g., “at a rate for operations not in excess of
the current rate or the rate provided in the budget estimate, whichever is lower”), in
which the amounts available for individual projects and activities must be determined
by comparing two or more alternatives; (2) by incorporating the full text of the
applicable regular appropriations acts (including incorporation by cross-reference to
other measures), thereby obviating the need to make any funding determinations; or
(3) by a combination of the two.
From a functional perspective, full-year continuing resolutions that do not
include any formulaic provisions, but instead provide appropriations using the full
text of acts (including by cross-reference), may be regarded by some as omnibus
appropriations acts rather than continuing resolutions, even if they are entitled an act
“making continuing appropriations” or “making further continuing appropriations.”
Table 1 identifies the 13 full-year continuing resolutions enacted for the period
covering FY1977-FY2007. Seven of the measures included at least one formulaic
funding provision, while the remaining six did not.
Nine of the 13 full-year continuing resolutions during this period were enacted
in the first quarter of the fiscal year — three in October, two in November, and four
in December. The four remaining measures, however, were enacted during the
following session, between February 15 and June 5.
As Table 1 shows, full-year continuing resolutions enacted during the first five
years of this period were relatively short measures, ranging in length from one to four
pages in the Statutes-at-Large. Beginning with FY1983 and extending through
FY1988, however, the measures became much lengthier, ranging in length from 19
to 451 pages (averaging 244 pages).
The greater page length of full-year continuing resolutions enacted for the period
covering FY1983-FY1988 may be explained by two factors. First, full-year
continuing resolutions enacted prior to FY1983 generally established funding levels
by a formulaic reference to pending regular appropriations acts. With regard to a
specific appropriations act, for example, funding levels may have been keyed to the
lesser of the amounts provided in the House-passed or Senate-passed versions of the
act. Beginning with FY1983, however, Congress largely abandoned the use of
formulaic references to establish funding levels. Instead, the full text of some or all
of the covered regular appropriations acts usually was incorporated into the full-year
continuing resolution, thereby increasing its length considerably.
Secondly, the number of regular appropriations acts covered by full-year
continuing resolutions increased significantly during the FY1983-FY1988 period.
For the period covering FY1978-FY1982, the number of regular appropriations acts
covered by continuing resolutions for the full fiscal year ranged from one to five

(averaging 2.4). Beginning with FY1983 and extending through FY1988, the number
of covered acts ranged from four to 13 (averaging 8.7).
Table 1. Full-Year Continuing Resolutions: FY1978-FY2008
PageIncluded
Fiscal PublicLaw Enactment Le ngt h F ormulaic
Year Num b e r Dat e ( St at ut es- F undi ng
at-Large ) P rovision(s)?
1978 95-205 12-09-1977 2 No
1979 95-482 10-18-1978 4 No
1980 96-123 11-20-1979 4 Yes
1981 97-12 06-05-1981 2^a Ye s
1982 97-161 03-31-1982 1 Yes
1983 97-377 12-21-1982 95 Yes
1984 98-151 11-14-1983 19 Yes
1985 98-473 10-12-1984 363 No
1986 99-190 12-19-1985 142 No
1987 99-591 10-30-1986 391 No
1988 100-202 12-22-1987 451 No

1989[none] — — —

1990[none] — — —

1991[none] — — —

1992 102-266 04-01-1992 8 Yes

1993-[none] — — —

2006
2007 110-5 02-15-2007 53 Yes

2008[none] — — —

Source: Prepared by the Congressional Research Service.
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Recent Congressional Practices (FY1998-FY2008)
Continuing resolutions were an important element of the annual appropriations
process during the last 11 fiscal years, covering FY1998-FY2008. (FY1997 was the
most recent year for which no continuing resolutions were needed.) As shown in
Table 2, a total of 75 continuing resolutions were enacted into law during the period.
While the average number of such measures enacted per year was about 7 (6.8), the
actual number enacted ranged from three measures (for FY2005 and FY2006) to 21
(for FY2001).
Table 2. Number and Duration of Continuing Resolutions:
FY1998-FY2008
FiscalNumberDuration^aAverageDuration forFinalExpiration
Yearof Actsin DaysEach ActDate
1998 6 57 9.5 11-26-1997
1999 6 21 3.5 10-21-1998
2000 7 63 9.0 12-02-1999
2001 21 82 3.9 12-21-2000
2002 8 102 12.8 01-10-2002
2003 8 143 17.9 02-20-2003
2004 5^b 123 24.6 01-31-2004
2005 3 69 23.0 12-08-2004
2006 3 92 30.7 12-31-2005
2007 4 365 91.3 09-30-2007
2008 4 92 23.0 12-31-2007
Total751,209 — —
Annual6.811016.1 —
Average
Source: Prepared by the Congressional Research Service.
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During these last 11 years, Congress provided funding by such means for an
average each year of about three and one-half months (110 days). Taking into
account all of the continuing resolutions enacted for each year, the period for which
continuing appropriations were provided ranged from 21 days to 365 days. On
average, each of the 75 continuing resolutions enacted lasted for 16 days.⁹ One full-
year continuing resolution was used during this period, covering FY2007.
In the first four instances, the expiration date in the final continuing resolution
was set in the first quarter of the fiscal year, on a date occurring between October 21
and December 21. The expiration date in the final continuing resolution for the next
three fiscal years, however, was set in the following session on a date occurring
between January 10 and February 20. The expiration dates for the next two fiscal
years shown in the table, FY2005 and FY2006, and for the final fiscal year, FY2008,
were in the first quarter of the fiscal year (between December 8 and December 31).
Finally, the final continuing resolution for FY2007 provided funding through the
remainder of the fiscal year, with an expiration date of September 30, 2007.
Figure 1 presents a representation of both the number and duration of
continuing resolutions for FY1998-FY2008. As the figure shows, there is no
significant correlation between these two variables. Six continuing resolutions were
enacted for both FY1998 and FY1999, but the same number of measures lasted for
a period of 57 days for FY1998 and only 21 days for FY1999. The largest number
of continuing resolutions enacted for a single fiscal year during this period — 21 for
FY2001 — covered a period lasting 82 days, at an average duration of 3.9 days per
act; the smallest number enacted — three for FY2005 and for FY2006 — covered 69
days and 92 days, respectively, but at average durations of 23.0 (for FY2005) and

30.7 (for FY2006) days per act.

Figure 1 also shows considerable mix in the use of shorter-term and longer-term
continuing resolutions for a single fiscal year. For FY2001, for example, 21
continuing resolutions covered the first 82 days of the fiscal year. The first 25 days
were covered by a series of four continuing resolutions lasting between five and eight
days each. The next 10 days, a period of intense legislative negotiations leading up
to the national elections on November 7, 2000, were covered by a series of 10 one-
day continuing resolutions.
The next 31 days were covered by only two continuing resolutions, the first
lasting 10 days and the second lasting 21 days. The first of these two continuing
resolutions was enacted into law on November 4, the Saturday before the election,
and extended through November 14, the second day of a lame-duck session. The
second continuing resolution was enacted into law on November 15; it expired on
December 5, 10 days before the lame-duck session ended.
The remaining five continuing resolutions, which ranged in duration from one
to six days, covered the remainder of the lame-duck session and several days beyond

⁹ The fifth continuing resolution enacted for FY2004, P.L. 108-185, did not change the
expiration date of January 31, 2004, set in the preceding continuing resolution.

(as the final appropriations legislation passed by Congress was processed for the
President’s approval).
Table 3 provides more detailed information on the number and duration of
continuing appropriations acts enacted for FY1998-FY2008.

CRS-10
Figure 1. Duration of Continuing Resolutions: FY1998-FY2008

1998
1999
2000
2001

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Table 3. Detailed Information on Continuing Resolutions:
FY1998-FY2008
Fiscal Public St at ut es- a t - Large Enactment Expi r a t i on Dur a t i on^a
YearLaw No.CitationDateDatein Days
1998105-46111 Stat. 1153-115809-30-9710-23-9723
105-64111 Stat. 134310-23-9711-07-9715
105-68111 Stat. 145311-07-9711-09-972
105-69111 Stat. 145411-09-9711-10-971
105-71111 Stat. 145611-10-9711-14-974
105-84111 Stat. 162811-14-9711-26-9712
1999105-240112 Stat. 1566-157109-25-9810-09-989
105-249112 Stat. 186810-09-9810-12-983
105-254112 Stat. 188810-12-9810-14-982
105-257112 Stat. 190110-14-9810-16-982
105-260112 Stat. 191910-16-9810-20-984
105-273112 Stat. 241810-20-9810-21-981
2000106-62113 Stat. 505-50909-30-9910-21-9921
106-75113 Stat. 112510-21-9910-29-998
106-85113 Stat. 129710-29-9911-05-997
106-88113 Stat. 130411-05-9911-10-995
106-94113 Stat. 131111-10-9911-17-997
106-105113 Stat. 148411-18-9911-18-991
106-106113 Stat. 148511-19-9912-02-9914
2001106-275114 Stat. 808-81109-29-0010-06-006
106-282114 Stat. 86610-06-0010-14-008
106-306114 Stat. 107310-13-0010-20-006
106-344114 Stat. 131810-20-0010-25-005
106-358114 Stat. 139710-26-0010-26-001
106-359114 Stat. 139810-26-0010-27-001
106-381114 Stat. 145010-27-0010-28-001

106-388114 Stat. 155010-28-0010-29-001

Fiscal Public St at ut es- a t - Large Enactment Expi r a t i on Dur a t i on^a
YearLaw No.CitationDateDatein Days
106-389114 Stat. 155110-29-0010-30-001
106-401114 Stat. 167610-30-0010-31-001
106-403114 Stat. 174111-01-0011-01-001
106-416114 Stat. 181111-01-0011-02-001
106-426114 Stat. 189711-03-0011-03-001
106-427114 Stat. 189811-04-0011-04-001
106-428114 Stat. 189911-04-0011-14-0010
106-520114 Stat. 2436-243711-15-0012-05-0021
106-537114 Stat. 256212-05-0012-07-002
106-539114 Stat. 257012-07-0012-08-001
106-540114 Stat. 257112-08-0012-11-003
106-542114 Stat. 271312-11-0012-15-004
106-543114 Stat. 271412-15-0012-21-006
2002107-44115 Stat. 253-25709-28-0110-16-0116
107-48115 Stat. 26110-12-0110-23-017
107-53115 Stat. 26910-22-0110-31-018
107-58115 Stat. 40610-31-0111-16-0116
107-70115 Stat. 59611-17-0112-07-0121
107-79115 Stat. 80912-07-0112-15-018
107-83115 Stat. 82212-15-0112-21-016
107-97115 Stat. 96012-21-0101-10-0220
2003107-229116 Stat. 1465-146809-30-0210-04-024
107-235116 Stat. 148210-04-0210-11-027
107-240116 Stat. 1492-149510-11-0210-18-027
107-244116 Stat. 150310-18-0211-22-0235
107-294116 Stat. 2062-206311-23-0201-11-0350
108-2117 Stat. 5-601-10-0301-31-0320
108-4117 Stat. 801-31-0302-07-037

108-5117 Stat. 902-07-0302-20-0313

Fiscal Public St at ut es- a t - Large Enactment Expi r a t i on Dur a t i on^a
YearLaw No.CitationDateDatein Days
2004108-84117 Stat. 1042-104709-30-0310-31-0331
108-104117 Stat. 120010-31-0311-07-037
108-107117 Stat. 124011-07-0311-21-0314
108-135117 Stat. 139111-22-0301-31-0471

108-185117 Stat. 268412-16-03[n/a]^b —

2005108-309118 Stat. 1137-114309-30-0411-20-0451
108-416118 Stat. 233811-21-0412-03-0413
108-434118 Stat. 261412-03-0412-08-045
2006109-77119 Stat. 2037-204209-30-0511-18-0549
109-105119 Stat. 228711-19-0512-17-0529
109-128119 Stat. 254912-18-0512-31-0514
2007109-289^c120 Stat. 1311-131609-29-0611-17-0648
109-369120 Stat. 264211-17-0612-08-0621
109-383120 Stat. 267812-09-0602-15-0769
110-5121 Stat. 8-6002-15-0709-30-07227
2008110-92121 Stat. 989-99809-29-0711-16-0747
110-116^d121 Stat. 1341-134411-13-0712-14-0728
110-137121 Stat. 145412-14-0712-21-077
110-149121 Stat. 181912-21-0712-31-0710
Sources: Prepared by the Congressional Research Service using data from: (1) the
Legislative Information System; and (2) Congressional Research Service, Appropriations
Status Tables (various fiscal years), available at:
[ ht t p: / / www.cr s.gov/ pr oduct s / a ppr opr i a t i ons/ a ppover .sht ml ] .
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^t^h^e^y^e^a^r⁽^O^c^t^o^b^e^r¹⁾^t^h^r^o^ugh^t^h^e^e^x^pⁱ^r^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^d^a^t^e^.^Fo^r^sub^s^e^q^ue^nt^c^o^ntⁱ^nui^{ng r}^e^so^l^u^tⁱ^o^{ns fo}^r^a^fi^sc^a^l
^y^{ear, du}^ration^is^m^eas^u^r^{ed f}^r^om^th^{e ex}^piratioⁿ^{date of}^th^{e precedin}^g^con^tin^uⁱⁿ^g^res^o^lu^tion^.
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^con^t^aiⁿ^{a prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^af^f^ectⁱⁿ^g^t^h^{e ex}^pi^ratⁱ^oⁿ^dat^e^of^Jan^u^a^ry^{31, 2004, es}^t^a^blⁱ^s^h^e^{d i}ⁿ^t^h^e
^precedin^g^con^tin^uⁱⁿ^g^res^o^lu^tion^(P^.L^{. 108-}^135).
^c.^C^oⁿ^tⁱⁿ^uⁱⁿ^g^appropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^f^o^r^F^Y²⁰⁰⁷^w^e^{re prov}ⁱ^d^{ed by}^Dⁱ^vⁱ^sⁱ^on^{B of}^P.L^.^109-^{289, t}^h^e^D^e^f^eⁿ^s^e
^A^ppropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^A^c^t^f^o^{r F}^Y^2007.
^{d. C}^oⁿ^tⁱⁿ^uⁱⁿ^g^appropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^f^o^{r F}^Y^{2008 w}^e^{re prov}ⁱ^d^{ed by}^Dⁱ^vⁱ^sⁱ^on^{B of}^P.L^.^110-^{116, t}^h^{e D}^e^f^eⁿ^s^e
^A^ppropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^A^c^t^f^o^{r F}^Y²⁰⁰⁸