Senate Committee Rules in the 110th Congress: A Comparison of Key Provisions

^Pr^ep^ar^{ed f}^o^r^M^e^m^b^ers^an^d^Com^mⁱ^t^t^ees^of^C^ong^r^e^ss

Introduc tion ..................................................................................................................................... 1
Standing Rules and Standing Orders of the Senate and Committees..............................................2
A Comparison of Select Committee Rules......................................................................................4
Regular Meeting Day................................................................................................................4
Hearing and Meeting Notice Requirements..............................................................................4
Scheduling of Witnesses...........................................................................................................4
Hearing Quorum........................................................................................................................5
Business Quorum......................................................................................................................5
Amendment Filing Requirements.............................................................................................5
Proxy Voting..............................................................................................................................6
Polling of Committee................................................................................................................6
Nomi nations .............................................................................................................................. 6
In vestigations ............................................................................................................................ 7
Subpoenas ................................................................................................................................. 7
Miscellane ous .................................................................................................................. .......... 8
Table 1. Meeting Day(s), Hearing and Meeting Notice Requirements, Scheduling of
Witnesse s ...................................................................................................................... ................ 9
Table 2. Hearing Quorum, Business Quorum, Amendment Filing Requirements........................12
Table 3. Proxy Voting, Polling of Committee, Nominations.........................................................17
Table 4. Investigations, Subpoenas, Miscellaneous......................................................................22
Author Contact Information..........................................................................................................27

Senate Rule XXVI spells out specific requirements for Senate committee procedures. In addition,
all Senate committees are required to adopt rules that govern their organization and operation.
Those committee rules then elaborate, within Senate rules, how the committee will handle
questions of order and procedure. A committee’s rules may “not be inconsistent with the Rules of ¹
the Senate.” Committees may add to the basic rules, but they may not add anything that is in
conflict with Senate rules.
Examining the rules for each committee can show how each approaches issues of comity and
fairness in the conduct of its business. The rules also serve to illustrate how each committee
handles the division of power and the allocation of responsibility within its membership. Several
committees, for example, require that if the committee is conducting business with a quorum that
is less than a majority of its members, a member from the minority party must be present. When
issuing subpoenas or starting investigations, committees may take different approaches on how to
give authority to the chair of the committee while still allowing the ranking minority member a
role in the process. Some committees require the agreement of the ranking minority member,
others require that he or she be notified before the subpoena is issued.
The requirement that each committee must adopt its own set of rules dates back to the 1970
Legislative Reorganization Act (P.L. 91-510). That law built on the 1946 Legislative
Reorganization Act (P.L. 79-601) which created a framework for most Senate committees by
setting out some basic requirements that most committees must adhere to. Under the provisions of
the1970 law, Senate committees must adopt their rules and have them printed in the
Congressional Record not later than March 1 of the first year of a Congress. Typically, the Senate
also publishes a compilation of the rules of all the committees each Congress, and some ²
individual committees also publish their rules as a committee print.
While committee rules govern the actions of Senators in committee proceedings, there is no
means for the Senate to enforce rules on committee conduct if the requirement that a physical
majority be present for reporting a measure or matter is met. There also is no means for the
Senate to enforce committee rules which go beyond those set out in the Senate’s standing rules.
So, for example, if a committee’s rules contained a provision requiring that a member of the
minority party be present for a quorum, but the committee acts without regard to that provision,
the minority could register their disapproval with the committee’s actions, but there is no point of
order that could be raised on the Senate floor.
This report analyzes the different approaches Senate committees have taken with their rules,
focusing on additions to the overall Senate committee rules structure or unique provisions. A
committee’s rules can be extensive and detailed or general and short. The tables at the end of this
report compare key features of the rules by committee. The tables, however, represent only a
portion of each committee’s rules. Provisions of the rules which are substantially similar to or
which are essentially restatements of the Senate’s standing rules are not included.

¹^Se^na^te^R^u^le^X^X^V^I^,^pa^r^a^g^r^a^{ph 2.}
²^U^.^{S. C}^ong^r^e^s^s^,^Se^na^te^,^A^u^th^or^ity^an^{d R}^u^le^s^of^Seⁿ^a^te^C^o^m^m^itte^e^s^,²⁰⁰^5-²⁰⁰⁶^{, S.D}^o^c^.¹^09-^{8, 10}⁹^th^Cong^.,¹^st^sess.^,
^pre^p^a^r^e^d^by^the^Com^m^itte^e^{on Ru}^le^{s a}^{nd A}^d^mⁱ^nistra^{tion (W}^a^s^hing^t^{on: G}^P^{O, 2}⁰⁰⁵^).

This report will review the requirements contained in Senate rules for committees, then explore
how each Senate committee handles 11 specific procedural issues: Meeting Day; Hearing and
Meeting Notice Requirements; Scheduling of Witnesses; Hearing Quorum; Business Quorum;
Amendment Requirements; Proxy Voting; Polling; Nominations; Investigations; and Subpoenas.
Also, the report looks at unique provisions some committees have included in their rules in a
“Miscellaneous” category.

While there is some latitude for committees to set their own rules, the standing rules of the Senate ³
set out the specific requirements that each committee must follow. The following provisions are
taken from Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate. Some committees reiterate these rules ⁴
in their own rules, but even for those committees that do not, these restrictions apply. This is not
an exhaustive explanation of Senate Rules and their impact on committees, rather this summary is
intended to provide a background against which to understand each committee’s individual rules.
• Rules. Each committee must adopt rules; those rules must be published in the
Congressional Record not later than March 1 of the first year of each Congress. If
a committee adopts an amendment to its rules, that change only becomes
effective when it is published in the Record. (Rule XXVI, paragraph 2)
• Meetings. Committees and subcommittees are authorized to meet and to hold
hearings when the Senate is in session and when it has recessed or adjourned. A
committee may not meet on any day (1) after the Senate has been in session for ⁵
two hours, or (2) after 2:00 p.m. when the Senate is in session. Each committee
must designate a regular day on which to meet weekly, biweekly or monthly (this
requirement does not apply to the Appropriations Committee). A committee is to
announce the date, place, and subject of each hearing at least one week in
advance, though any committee may waive this requirement for “good cause.”
(Rule XXVI, paragraph 5(a); Rule XXVI, paragraph 3)
• Special meeting. Three members of a committee may make a written request to
the chair to call a special meeting. The chair then has three calendar days in
which to schedule the meeting, which is to take place within the next seven
calendar days. If the chair fails to do so, a majority of the committee members
can file a written motion to hold the meeting at a certain date and hour. (Rule
XXVI, paragraph 3)

³^De^ta^ile^{d inf}^o^rm^a^{tion o}ⁿ^Se^na^te^r^u^le^{s c}^o^m^e^s^f^r^o^m^{U.S. Cong}^re^ss,^Se^na^te^,^S^e^na^t^e^Ma^nu^al^,^S^.^D^o^c^.¹^07-^{1, 10}⁷^th^Cong^.,
¹^st^s^e^s^s^.,^pr^e^p^a^r^e^d^by^the^C^o^m^m^itt^e^e^{on R}^u^le^s^a^{nd A}^d^mⁱ^nis^t^r^a^{tion (}^W^a^s^hing^{ton: G}^P^O^,²⁰⁰²⁾^{. Ex}^c^e^p^tⁱ^ons^t^o^t^h^e^r^u^le^s
^a^r^e^note^dⁱⁿ^f^oot^no^te^s^.
⁴^P^o^r^tⁱ^ons^of^S.R^e^s^.^{4 (}⁹⁵^th^Co^ng^re^{ss), a}¹⁹⁷⁷^Staⁿ^dⁱ^ng^Orde^{r, a}^l^s^o^a^pply^{to som}^e^Se^na^te^c^o^m^m^itte^e^s^but^th^ose
^pr^ov^is^io^ns^a^r^e^no^{t dis}^c^us^s^e^dⁱⁿ^thi^s^r^e^por^t.
⁵^T^h^{is pro}^h^ibi^tioⁿ^doe^{s n}^o^{t a}^p^ply^{to the}^A^ppr^opria^ti^ons^a^{nd B}^udg^e^t^Com^m^itte^e^s^{, a}^{nd it}^c^aⁿ^be^w^a^iv^e^d^f^o^{r othe}^r
^c^o^m^m^itte^e^s^b^y^una^nim^{ous c}^onseⁿ^{t re}^que^{sts m}^a^de^{on t}^h^e^Se^na^te^f^l^o^o^{r. It a}^l^s^o^m^a^y^be^w^a^ive^d^by^aⁿ^a^g^re^e^m^eⁿ^{t be}^tw^e^eⁿ
^t^h^{e M}^a^j^o^ri^t^y^an^d^Mⁱ^no^ri^t^y^L^e^ad^{ers o}^r^t^h^ei^r^d^e^si^gn^ees.

• Open meetings. Unless closed for reasons specified in Senate rules, such as a
need to protect national security information, committee and subcommittee
meetings, including hearings, are open to the public. When a committee or
subcommittee schedules or cancels a meeting, it is required to provide that
information, including the time, place, and purpose of the meeting, for inclusion
in the Senate’s computerized schedule information system. Any hearing that is
open to the public also may be open to radio and television broadcasting, at the
committee’s discretion. Committees and subcommittees may adopt rules to
govern how the media may broadcast the event. A vote by the committee in open
session is required to close a meeting. (Rule XXVI, paragraph 5(b))
• Quorums. Committees may set a quorum for doing business that is not less than
one-third of the membership. A majority of a committee must be physically
present when the committee votes to order the reporting of any measure, matter,
or recommendation. The motion to order the reporting of a measure or matter
requires the support of a majority of the members who are present and, in turn,
the members who are physically present must constitute a majority of the
committee. Proxies cannot be used to constitute a quorum. (Rule XXVI,
paragraph Rule XXVI, paragraph 7(a)(1))
• Proxy voting. A committee may adopt rules permitting proxy voting. A
committee may not permit a proxy vote to be cast unless the absent Senator has
been notified about the question to be decided and has requested that his or her
vote be cast by proxy. A committee may prohibit the use of proxy votes on votes
to report. (Rule XXVI, paragraph 7(a)(3))
• Investigations and subpoenas. Each standing committee and its subcommittees
is empowered to investigate matters within its jurisdiction and to issue subpoenas
for persons and papers. (Rule XXVI, paragraph 1)
• Witnesses selected by the minority. During hearings on any measure or matter,
the minority shall be allowed to select witnesses to testify on at least one day,
when the chair receives such a request from a majority of the minority party
members. This provision does not apply to the Appropriations Committee. (Rule
XXVI, paragraph 4(d))
• Reporting. Senate committees may report original bills and resolutions, in
addition to those that have been referred to the panel. As stated in the quorum
requirement, a majority of the committee must be physically present for a
measure or matter to be reported. Also, a majority of those present are required to
order a measure or matter reported. A Senate Committee is not required to issue a
written report to accompany a measure or matter it reports; if the committee does
write such a report, Senate rules specify a series of required elements that must
be included in the report. (Rule XXVI, paragraph 7(a)(3); Rule XXVI, paragraph

10(c); among others, see CRS Report 98-305, Senate Committee Reports:

Required Contents, by Elizabeth Rybicki.)

In their rules for the 110^th Congress, no Senate Committee uses either Monday or Friday for its
regular meeting day, and the committees are relatively evenly spread over the remaining three
days: 5 committees chose Tuesdays, 7 committees selected Wednesdays, and 7 committees picked
Thursdays as their regular meeting days (see Table 1). Two committees, Appropriations and
Select Aging, meet at the call of the chair. Within those categories, some committees, including
the Armed Services; Commerce, Science and Transportation; Foreign Relations; Indian Affairs;
and Judiciary provide for meeting at least once a week. The other committees set the meetings at
once or twice a month.
Committees must, according to Senate Rules, provide one week’s notice of their hearings and
business meetings. The rule, however, allows shorter notice, if “the committee determines there is
good cause” to hold a hearing or meeting with less notice. When it comes to the determination of
what “good cause” is, Senate committees allocate the task of making that decision differently (see
Table 1). The rules of the Armed Services Committee, for example, say it is the decision of the
committee as a whole.
Four committees, Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry; Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs;
Finance; and Indian Affairs, give the chair of the panel the authority to schedule a hearing or
meeting with less than a week’s notice.
Six committees require some type of cooperation between the chair and ranking member of the
committee to meet with less than a week’s notice. Four of those committees, Budget;
Environment and Public Works; Judiciary; and Special Aging, require the chair to obtain the
agreement of the ranking member to make the decision to hold a hearing or meeting with less
than usual notice. The Energy and Natural Resources Committee gives the responsibility to the
chair and the committee together, while the Foreign Relations Committee chair must consult with
the ranking minority member on the committee.
Several committees go beyond Senate requirements in their rules regarding scheduling of
witnesses, giving greater opportunity to the minority to include witnesses of their choosing during
a hearing (see Table 1). The Finance Committee calls on its staff to ensure there is a “balance of
views” early on in a hearing, and allows each member of the committee to designate individuals
to testify. The Foreign Relations Committee minority may request an equal number of witnesses
as the majority, and the Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee allows for an equal
number of witnesses for the majority and minority unless there is to be just one administration
witness. Similarly, if the Senate is evenly divided, the Budget Committee provides for equal
numbers of witnesses for the majority and minority, with the same exception for a single
administration witness.

The Ethics and Select Intelligence committees’ rules have provisions according an opportunity for
an individual to testify before the committee if that person believes his or her reputation is at
issue or if his or her name came up in previous testimony.
For receiving testimony at hearings, most Senate committees reduce their quorum requirements to
one or sometimes two Senators. One panel, the Armed Services Committee, requires that a
member of the minority be present, unless the full committee orders otherwise.
The “conduct of business” at a committee meeting typically refers to actions such as debating and
voting on amendments, that allow the committee to proceed on measures up to the point of
reporting the measure to the full Senate. For the conduct of business, the requirement that a
member of the minority be present is a common feature of committee quorum rules. In order to
report out a measure, Senate rules require that a majority of the committee be physically present.
A dozen committees feature some kind of minority attendance requirement for the conduct of
business during a committee business meeting (see Table 2). The Environment and Public Works
Committee’s business quorum requires two members of the minority and six members of the
committee in total. The Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and Small Business and
Entrepreneurship committees require the presence of one member of the minority, as do the
Veterans’ Affairs and Special Aging committees. The Veterans’ Affairs Committee rules also
contain a provision designed to make sure that the lack of a minority member cannot indefinitely
delay action on a measure or matter.
The Finance Committee requires one member from the majority and one member of the minority
for its business quorum as do the Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry; Foreign Relations and
Ethics committees. The Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee requires that any
business quorum that is less than a majority of the committee include a member of the minority.
The Armed Services Committee sets a business quorum at eight members, which must include a
member of the minority party. The Judiciary Committee also specifies a quorum of eight, with
two members of the minority present.
The Indian Affairs Committee has a rule stating that a quorum is presumed to be present unless
the absence of a quorum is noted by a Member.
Several committees require that Senators file any first degree amendments they may offer during
a committee markup before the committee meets (see Table 2). This provision allows the chair
and ranking member of the committee to see what kind of issues may come up at the markup, and
also may allow them the opportunity to try to negotiate agreements with amendment sponsors
before the formal markup session begins. It also provides an opportunity to Members to draft
second degree amendments to possible first degree amendments before the markup begins.

The Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs and Small Business and Entrepreneurship committees
call for submitting such amendments two business days before the markup, if sufficient notice of
the markup has been given.
The Appropriations; Environment and Public Works; Health, Education, Labor and Pensions;
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs; and Veterans’ Affairs committees require 24 hours
notice of first degree amendments. The Judiciary Committee requires that first degree
amendments be filed with the committee by 5 p.m. of the day before the markup. All of these
committees allow the full committee to waive this filing requirement and, in some cases, it is
waived automatically if Senators were not given sufficient notice of the markup.
Most Senate committees permit some form of proxy voting, where a Senator does not have to be
physically present to record his or her position on a measure or matter before the committee (see
Table 3). The Armed Services; Foreign Relations; Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs;
Select Intelligence; Small Business and Entrepreneurship; and Veterans’ Affairs committees
require that proxies be executed in writing. The Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee
requires that the responsibility for voting the proxy be assigned to a Senator who is present at the
markup.
The Commerce, Science and Transportation; Environment and Public Works; and Judiciary
committees allow several other methods of transmitting a Senator’s proxy intentions, including
telephone or personal instructions to another Member of the committee.
Proxies cannot be used in any committee to count toward a quorum for reporting a measure or
matter. The Budget Committee prohibits proxy voting during its annual markup of the budget
resolution, and the Ethics Committee does not permit a Senator to vote by proxy on a motion to
initiate an investigation.
Polling is a method of taking a “vote” of the committee on a matter without the committee
physically coming together. As such, it cannot be used to report out measure or matters (that
would violate Senate rules which require a physical majority to be present to report a measure or
matter). Polling can be used, however, for internal housekeeping matters before the committee,
such as questions concerning staffing or perhaps how the committee ought to proceed on a
measure or matter (see Table 3). Only five committees have provisions for polling in their rules:
Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry; Budget; Health, Education, Labor and Pensions; Homeland
Security and Government Affairs; and Aging. Of those, all the committees except the Health,
Education, Labor and Pensions Committee, allow a member to request that the matter being
polled be formally voted on by the committee at the next business meeting.
Many committees set out timetables in their rules for action on presidential nominations, and
most committees also contain provisions allowing the timetables to be waived (see Table 3). The
Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, and Veterans’

Affairs committees require a five-day layover between receipt of the nomination and committee
action on it. The Foreign Relations Committee requires a six-day delay, the Armed Services
Committee a seven-day delay and the Intelligence Committee calls for a fourteen-day waiting
period before action on a nomination. In addition, the Intelligence panel rules require that the
committee not act until seven days after the committee receives background and financial
information on the nominee.
The Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry; Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs; Budget and
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs committees require that nominees testify before
their committees under oath. The Energy and Natural Resources; Indian Affairs; and Veterans’
Affairs committees have provisions requiring the nominee or someone testifying at a nomination
hearing to testify under oath. The Finance Committee allows any member to request that the
testimony from witnesses be taken under oath.
Several committees require advance permission for staff or a Senator to launch an investigation
(see Table 4). The Select Intelligence Committee, for example, prohibits investigations unless
any five committee members request it. The Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee
requires that either the full Senate, the full committee, or the chair and ranking member jointly
authorize an investigation before it may begin. The Select Aging Committee authorizes its staff to
initiate an investigation with the approval of the chair and ranking minority member and requires
that all investigations be conducted in a bipartisan basis. The Energy and Natural Resources
Committee requires that the full committee authorize any investigation, as does the Health,
Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. The Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Committee
requires full committee approval for any investigation involving subpoenas.
Six Senate committees do not have a specific rules which set out how the panel will decide to
issue subpoenas (see Table 4). The lack of a subpoena provision does not mean the committees
cannot issue subpoenas, just that the process for doing so is not specified in the committee’s
written rules.
Of the committees that do have rules on subpoenas, one, the Special Committee on Aging, grants
the authority to issue the subpoena to the chair alone. Seven other committees, Agriculture,
Nutrition and Forestry; Banking; Energy and Natural Resources; Homeland Security and
Governmental Affairs; Indian Affairs; Small Business and Entrepreneurship; and Veterans’
Affairs, require that the chair seek the agreement, approval, concurrence, or consent of the
ranking member before issuing a subpoena. In all seven instances, however, the chair also may
gain approval for a subpoena from a majority of the committee.
Four committees—Foreign Relations; Health, Education, Labor and Pensions; Ethics; and Select
Intelligence—give the decision as to whether to issue a subpoena to the full committee as a
whole.

Some committees have unique provisions that are not included in other committee rules.
The Budget Committee’s rules limit the size and number of charts a Senator can display during
debate on a subject. The Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee permits broadcasting
of its proceedings only upon agreement by the chair and ranking member. The chair and ranking
member of the Rules Committee are authorized to approve any rule or regulation which the
committee must approve, and the Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee allows any
member to administer the oath to any witness testifying “as to fact.”
Both the Finance and the Judiciary committees allow the chair to call a vote on whether to end
debate on a pending measure or matter. This ability to end debate on a measure or matter does not
appear in any other committees’ rules and may allow these committees to move controversial
measure through their panels.
The Foreign Relations Committee includes in its rules a provision stating that, as much as
possible, the committee not “resort” to formal parliamentary procedure. That would seem to
suggest a committee where Senators attempt to resolve controversial issues before the committee
markup, rather than relying on parliamentary tools to push legislation or nominations through.
Both the Veterans’ Affairs and the Environment and Public Works committees are charged with
naming certain federal facilities, so their rules provide guidance on how those names may be
chosen. The rules of the Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee require that any
measure seeking to give out the Congressional Gold Medal have 67 cosponsors to be considered.
The Select Intelligence Committee gives direction to its staff director to ensure that covert
programs are reviewed at least once per quarter.
The Appropriations Committee rules empower any member of the committee who is managing an
appropriations bill on the floor to make points of order against amendments being offered that
would seem to violate Senate rules.
The Armed Services Committee’s rules reach out to the executive branch and call on the
committee to obtain executive branch response to any measure referred to the committee. The
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee requires that any report on a measure
also include an evaluation of the regulatory impact of the measure. The Select Committee on
Aging requires that investigative reports containing findings or recommendations may be
published only with the approval of a majority of committee members.
The Indian Affairs Committee urges its Members to disclose their finances in the same way in
which they require nominees to presidentially appointed position to do.
The Energy and Natural Resources Committee appears to allow any Member to place a measure
or matter on the committee’s agenda, if the Member does so at least one week in advance of the
business meeting at which it will be considered. The Judiciary Committee allows any member to
delay consideration for one week any item on its agenda. The Select Committee on Ethics also
allows any member of the committee to postpone discussion of a pending matter until a majority
of the committee is present.

Table 1. Meeting Day(s), Hearing and Meeting Notice Requirements, Scheduling of Witnesses
^{Committee/Rule Mee}^ting^Day(s)^{Hearing & Mee}^{ting Notice}^Requirements^{Scheduling o}^f^Witnesses
^Agric^{ulture, Nutrition and Forestry}¹^st^and³^rd^{Wednesday w}^hen^{For hearings, one week’s}^{notice is req}^uired,^{Upon re}^{quest, t}^{he minority shall}^be
^{Congress is in session}^{unless f}^{ull or subcommittee c}^hair^{entitled to call witnesses during a}^t
^{determines it is noncont}^{roversial or that}^{least one day of hearings.}
^{“special circumsta}^{nces” a}^{pply and}^a
^{majority of the committee or}
^{subcommittee con}^{curs. The}^{re is}^{a minimum}
^of^{24 hours notice.}
^Appr^opriations^{Call of the chair}^{No provision}^{No provision}
^{Armed Services}^{Tuesdays & Th}^ursdays^{One week’s}^{notice is required, u}^nless^{The committee or su}^bcommittee
^{committee determines the}^{re is “}^good^{chair shall consult with}^the^ranki^ng
^{cause” to act sooner.}^minority^{member before naming}
^witnesses.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{Banking, Housing and}^Urbaⁿ^Affairs^{Last Tuesday of t}^{he mont}^h^{Three days writte}^{n notice is req}^u^{ired for a}^busines^{s meeting}^{unless t}^{he c}^hair^{No provision}
^g/w^{determines the}^{re is “exigen}^t
^s^.or^circumstan^{ces” to hold it earlier.}
^le^ak^st
^Budget¹^Thu^{rsday of eac}^{h mont}^h^{One week’s}^{notice of date, time,}^{and place,}^{If the Se}^{nate is eq}^{ually divided}^{, the}
^://wiki^{is required}^{unless c}^{hair and ra}^nki^ng^{member dete}^{rmine t}^{here is “good cause”}^{ranking mem}^ber^{may call as many}^{witnesses as t}^{he c}^{hair, unless t}^h^e^{re is}
^h^ttp^{to begin sooner. 4}⁸^hou^{rs notice}^for^{to be just one administration offi}^cial.
^busines^{s meetings, including age}ⁿ^{da, is}
^required.
^{Commerce, Science an}^{d Tra}^nsportation¹^st^and³^rd^{Tuesdays of eac}^h^{At a busin}^{ess meeting, it is not in}^{order to}^{No provision}

^month^{proceed to any}^{bill or resolution unless it}
^{has bee}^{n filed with the}^{committee clerk not}
^{less than}⁴⁸^hours^{in advance}^{of t}^he
^{meeting. This may be waived wit}^h
^concur^{rence of}^{chair a}^{nd ranking}^member.

^{Committee/Rule Mee}^ting^Day(s)^{Hearing & Mee}^{ting Notice}^Requirements^{Scheduling o}^f^Witnesses
^{Energy an}^{d Natural Resou}^rc^es³^rd^{Wednesday whe}^{n Congre}^{ss is}^{One week’s}^{notice of date, time and place}^{No provision}
^{in session}^{for hearing is}^req^{uired, unless t}^h^e^{full or}
^{subcommittee c}^{hair deems it}
^{noncontroversial or that “}^special
^circumstan^{ces” re}^quire^exp^edited
^{procedures, a}^{nd a majority of the}^panel
^{concurs. 24 hours notice}^is^the^m^inimum
^allowed^{. Three days notice is req}^{uired for}
^{the agenda for}^{a b}^usiness^meetin^{g. Nothing}
^{may be added to the age}^{nda after}^{it is}
^{published e}^xce^{pt by}^{majority vote of}
^committee.
^{Environment an}^{d Public}^Wo^rks¹^st^and³^rd^Thu^{rsday of each}^{One week’s}^{notice of date, time and place}^{No provision}
^{month at}^{10 a.m.}^{for hearing is}^req^{uired, unless t}^h^e^chair
^{with the conc}^ur^{rence of}^the^rank^ing
^{member, agree}^ther^{e is good cause to}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{provide shorter}^{notice. 24 ho}^urs^{notice is}
^g/w^{the minimum}^{allowed. 72 hours}ⁿ^{otice is}
^s^.or^{required for}^{a b}^usiness^{meeting, including}^{the agenda.}
^le^ak
^Finance²^nd^{and 4}^th^{Tuesday of eac}^h^{One week’s}^{notice for hearing}^{s is req}^uired.^{The staff s}^{hall “attain a balance of}
^://wiki^month^{At least forty-eight hour}^{s notice is req}^uired^{views early in the}^hearing.”
^h^ttp^{for a bu}^{siness mee}^{ting, unless t}^h^e^chair^{decides it is an “emergency.”}
^{Foreign Relations}^{Every T}^uesday^{One week’s}^{notice is required}^{for hearing}^s,^{To ensure t}^{hat the}^su^{bject of the}
^{unless c}^{hair in cons}^{ultation with}^ranking^{hearing is p}^resen^{ted as f}^{ully and f}^airly
^{member, determin}^{es the}^{re is “good cause”}^{as possible, wheneve}^{r a}^{hearing is}
^{to begin sooner.}^{conducted by}^{the Committee or}^a
^subcommittee^{upon a}^{ny mea}^sure^or
^{matter, the ra}^{nking me}^mber^{of th}^e
^{committee or subcommittee ma}^y
^reque^{st that a}ⁿ^e^{qual n}^u^m^{ber of}^non-
^{governmental witnes}^{ses selected}^by
^{the ra}^{nking mem}^ber^{be called to}
^{testify at that}^hearing.
^{Health, Education, Labor}^an^{d Pensions}²^nd^{& 4}^th^Wed^{nesday of eac}^h^{The committee “shall underta}^ke”^to^{No provision}

^{month at}^{10 a.m. in SD-43}^0,^annou^{nce h}^{earings it inte}^{nds to h}^{old one}
^{Dirksen Office Building}^{week in advance.}

^{Committee/Rule Mee}^ting^Day(s)^{Hearing & Mee}^{ting Notice}^Requirements^{Scheduling o}^f^Witnesses
^{Homeland Security and Gov}^ernmental¹^st^Thu^{rsday of eac}^{h mont}^{h whe}ⁿ^{One week’s}^{notice for hearing}^{is required,}^{Upon a re}^quest^{to the c}^{hair, a}
^Affairs^{Congress is in session}^though^{notice may be}^{less if the c}^ommittee^{majority of the minority may call}
^{or subcommittee deter}^{mines t}^h^e^{re is “good}^{witnesses during}^{at least one day}^of
^{cause.” Mem}^{bers a}^{re to get a wri}^tten^hearings.
^{agenda for b}^usiness^{meetings t}^h^r^{ee days in}
^{advance (excluding Satu}^{rdays, Su}^{ndays and}
^{holidays). Not}^{ice may be less if “}^unforseeⁿ
^requirem^{ents” occ}^ur.
^{Indian A}^ffairs^{Thursdays w}^hen^{Congress is in}^{One week’s}^{notice is required, u}^{nless chair}^{No provision}
^session^{decides the hearing is}^non-contro^{versial or}
^{that “spe}^{cial circumstance}^{s” re}^qu^ire
^{expedited procedu}^{res. 2}⁴^hou^rs^{notice is}
^{the minimum}^{allowed. There is a two day}
^{notice for bu}^{siness meeting}^{s, with an}
^{agenda. No item may be added t}^o^an
^{agenda after it is p}^ublished^unless^by
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{majority vote of committee.}
^g/w^Judiciary^{Each Th}^ursday^{the Senat}^{e is in}^{Seven calendar days}^{notice for he}^{arings is}^{No provision}
^s^.or^{session at 9:3}^{0 a.m.}^{required, u}^{nless chair}^{with conse}^{nt of}
^le^ak^{ranking mem}^ber^{determines t}^her^{e is “good}
^{cause” for less}^{notice. Three day}^{s notice}
^://wiki^{for busi}^{ness meeting}^{s or, with consent of}
^h^ttp^{ranking minority mem}^{ber, less, is req}^uired.
^{Rules and A}^{dministration}²^nd^{and 4}^th^{Wednesdays of eac}^h^{One week’s writte}^{n notice “nor}^{mally” is}^{No provision}
^{month at}^{10 a.m.}^{required for}^hearing^{s; The age}^{nda for}
^busines^{s meeting is se}^{nt one day}^{in advance,}
^{“normally.”}
^{Small Business and Entrepre}^neurship¹^st^{Wednesday of eac}^{h mont}^h^{Written notice shall be}^{provided five}^{Chair and ra}^{nking mem}^{ber ma}^{y c}^all
^busines^{s days in adva}^{nce “wh}^ere^{an eq}^{ual nu}^mber^{of witnesses,}^not
^{practicable.” for both}^b^{usiness m}^{eetings and}^{counting administration witnesse}^s
^hearings.^{unless t}^{here is only one}
^{administration witness, then t}^he
^{ranking mem}^ber^{is allowed one}
^witness.

^{Committee/Rule Mee}^ting^Day(s)^{Hearing & Mee}^{ting Notice}^Requirements^{Scheduling o}^f^Witnesses
^{Veterans’ Affairs}¹^st^{Wednesday of eac}^{h mont}^h^{Written notice of a committee m}^eeting,^{No provision}
^{including agenda, shall be p}^{rovided 72}^hours
^{in advance, excluding Satu}^{rdays, Sundays or}
^{federal holidays. If this notice is p}^revented
^{by u}^nforsee^{n re}^quireme^{nts or co}^mmittee
^busines^{s, staff s}^{hall communicate}^by
^{“quickest a}^ppro^{priate mean}^{s” with}
^members.
^{Select Committ}^{ee on Ethics}¹^st^Thu^{rsday of eac}^{h mont}^{h while}^{One week’s}^{notice is required, u}^{nless ther}^e^{Any pe}^{rson w}^{hose name is}
^{Congress is in session}^{is “good cause” to hold it earlier,}^{in which}^{mentioned or who is spe}^cifically
^{case membe}^{rs will be given}^{notice at the}^{identified or otherwise referred t}^oⁱⁿ
^{earliest possible time.}^{testimony or statement}^{s made b}^y^a
^{committee member, staf}^{f or outs}^ide
^{counsel, and who reaso}^{nably b}^elieves
^{that the}^statement^{tends to adve}^rsely
^{affect his or}^her^rep^{utation may}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^reque^{st to ap}^pear^{before t}^he
^g/w^{committee or file a sworn statem}^ent.
^s^.or^{Select Committ}^{ee on Intell}^igence^{Every oth}^{er Wednesday}^{“Reasonable notice” for meetings}^is^{A person w}^{ho believes}^{his or her}
^le^ak^{required. At least 2}⁴^hours^{notice for}^{reputation was}^{damaged by e}^vidence
^{meetings in Washingto}^{n is req}^uir^{ed except}^prese^{nted at a p}^{ublic hea}^{ring may}
^://wiki^{in “extraordinary}^circumsta^nces”^{and 4}⁸^reque^{st a c}^{hance to}^prese^{nt his o}^r
^h^ttp^hours^{notice for a meeting out}^{side the}^Capitol.^{her own te}^stimony.
^{Special Committee on Aging}^{Call of the chair}^{One week’s}^{notice for a hea}^{ring is req}^uired,^{The minority may call witnesses}
^{and five days notice for me}^{eting. Either may}^{during at least one day of a}^heari^ng.
^{be called on 24}^hours^{notice if th}^{e chair,}^{They must}^{make t}^{he re}^quest^{to do}
^{with the conc}^ur^{rence of}^the^rank^ing^{so before the}^{end of t}^{he hea}^{ring i}ⁿ
^{member, determin}^{es the}^{re is “good cause.”}^question.
Table 2. Hearing Quorum, Business Quorum, Amendment Filing Requirements
^{Committee/Rule}^{Hearing Quo}^rum^{Business Quorum}^{Amendment Filing Requirements}
^Agric^{ulture, Nutrition and Forestry}^{One Me}^mbe^{r for taking te}^stimony^{One-third of committee}^{No provision}

^members^{hip, including one me}^mb^er
^{of each pa}^{rty to conduc}^{t b}^usiness
^{other tha}^{n re}^{porting out a m}^easu^re
^{or matter}

^{Committee/Rule}^{Hearing Quo}^rum^{Business Quorum}^{Amendment Filing Requirements}
^Appr^opriations^{One mem}^ber^{for taking}^unsworⁿ^{One-third of the}^{committee for a}^ll^{To the extent}^{possible, amendme}^{nts and}
^{testimony, for sworn testimony,}^three^{but r}^{eporting out a}^meas^{ure or}^{report languag}^{e intended to be}^of^{fered at}
^members^{for f}^{ull committee and one}^matter^{full committee marku}^{p should b}^e^{given to}
^member^{for a s}^ubcommittee^{the chair a}^{nd ra}^{nking mem}^{ber a}ⁿ^d
^approp^{riate su}^{bcommittee chair}^and
^{ranking mem}^ber^24-^hours^{prior t}^o
^marku^p.
^{Armed Services}^{For taking sworn testimony, th}^re^e^{Nine mem}^{bers in}^{cluding one}^{No provision}
^members^{of the}^{committee, including}^{minority member or}^{a majority of}
^{one minority party}^membe^{r, unle}^ss^{the committee for tra}^{nsaction of}
^{otherwise ordered by a}^{majority of}^busines^s
^{the full committee}
^{Banking, Housing and}^Urbaⁿ^Affairs^{One Me}^mbe^{r for t}^{he p}^u^r^{poses of}^{No exec}^{utive session u}^{nless a}^{No first degree ame}^ndments^are^{in order}
^{taking testimony, swearing in of}^{majority of the committee is}^unless^{50 copies a}^{re filed two bu}^siness
^{witnesses and}^{receiving evidence}^prese^nt^{days before ma}^rku^{p in committe}^{e offices.}
^{This require}^{ment ma}^{y be}^{waived by a}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{majority vote of the committee or}^{subcommittee or}^{by agree}^{ment o}^f^the
^g/w^{chair and ra}^{nking me}^{mber. This a}^pplies
^s^.or^{only when me}^mbe^{rs hav}^{e bee}^{n gi}^ven
^le^ak^three^busine^{ss days}^{notice of a markup. A}
^{motion to strike a section does not have}
^://wiki^{to be filed in advance.}
^h^ttp^Budget^{For the p}^{urpose of ta}^{king sworn}^or^{One-third of the}^mem^bers^{hip of}^{No provision}
^unswor^{n testimony, one Senator}^{committee is a quoru}^{m for t}^he
^{conduct of b}^{usiness, e}^xcept^for
^{reporting a mea}^sure^{or matter.}
^{Commerce, Science an}^{d Tra}^nsportation^{For the p}^urposes^{of taking sworn}^{Eight mem}^{bers a}^{re a q}^uoru^{m for}^{No provision}

^{testimony for the}^{committee or}^a^{the conduct}^{of b}^{usiness, other}^th^an
^{subcommittee, one Senator}^{reporting. A majority of committee}
^{members, w}^{hich s}^{hall include at}
^{least one membe}^{r of the}^minority,
^{is a quoru}^{m for re}^{porting a}^bill,
^{resolution or nomination.}

^{Committee/Rule}^{Hearing Quo}^rum^{Business Quorum}^{Amendment Filing Requirements}
^{Energy an}^{d Natural Resou}^rc^es^{For the p}^urposes^{of conducting a}^{No measure}^{or matter}^{shall be}^{No provision}
^{hearing or taking t}^{estimony one}^{reported u}^{nless 1}²^committee
^Senator^members^{are act}^{ually prese}^{nt. Eig}^ht
^members^are^{needed for the}
^{conduct of b}^usiness^{other t}^han
^reporting.
^{Environment an}^{d Public}^Wo^rks^{One Senator}^{for a hea}^ring^{Six members, including two}^{First degree amendme}^{nts m}^{ust b}^e^filed
^{minority members, ar}^{e re}^{quired f}^or^{with the committee or s}^ubcomm^{ittee 24}
^{a busine}^{ss meeting a}^{nd for t}^he^{hours before}^{a busi}^ness^{meeting. The}
^pur^{pose of ap}^{proving t}^{he issua}^nc^e^{chair shall prom}^{ptly distribute all}
^{of a sub}^{poena or a}^{pproving a}^amendments^{to membe}^{rs afte}^{r t}^{he filing}
^{committee resolution.}^deadline.
^Finance^{One Senator}^{for a hea}^ring^{A busine}^{ss q}^uorum^(exce^{pt for}^{No provision}
^{reporting) consists of one-t}^{hird of}
^{the committee mem}^{bers a}^{nd not}
^{less than one}^{majority member}^a^nd
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{one minority membe}^r.
^g/w^{Foreign Relations}^{One Senator}^{for p}^urposes^{of taking}^{One-third of the}^committee^{No provision}
^s^.or^testimony^members^{hip, including at least on}^e
^le^ak^member^{from eac}^{h pa}^{rty, is a}^quoru^{m for}^busines^{s, other tha}ⁿ
^://wiki^{reporting out legislation or}^nominations.
^h^ttp^{Health, Education, Labor}^an^{d Pensions}^{With approval of f}^{ull committee or}^{One-third of the}^committee^{First degree amendme}^{nts m}^{ust b}^e^filed
^{subcommittee c}^{hair, one mem}^be^r^members^{hip, actually p}^{resent, is}^a^{with the c}^{hair at least 2}⁴^ho^urs^b^{efore a}
^{may conduct}^hearings^{other t}^han^for^busines^{s q}^{uorum. An}^{y q}^uorum^marku^{p. All amendments filed will be}
^{sworn testimony, th}^{ree mem}^bers^{which is composed of less t}^{han a}^{given to membe}^{rs. The chair}^may^modify
^{needed for sworn}^{testimony, ma}^{y be}^{majority of the committee shall}^{this rule to meet “s}^{pecial circums}^tances,”
^{lowered to one member}^{by t}^he^{include at least one mem}^{ber of t}^he^{with the conc}^ur^{rence of}^the^rank^ing
^concur^{rence of}^{chair a}^{nd ranking}^{majority and one membe}^{r of the}^{minority member.}

^{minority member}^minority.

^{Committee/Rule}^{Hearing Quo}^rum^{Business Quorum}^{Amendment Filing Requirements}
^{Homeland Security and Gov}^ernmental^{For taking sworn or}^unsworⁿ^{One-third of the}^committee^{It shall not be in}^{order for t}^{he co}^mmittee
^Affairs^{testimony, one Senator.}^members^{hip, including at least on}^e^{or a sub}^{committee to consider a}^first
^{member of t}^{he minority is a}^{degree amendme}^{nt u}^{nless a writt}^{en copy}
^busines^{s q}^uorum.^{of amendment}^has^been^{provided to the}
^{committee or subcommittee at l}^{east 24}
^hours^{before t}^{he meeting at}^whic^{h the}
^{amendment is to}^{be p}^{roposed. This may}
^{be waived by a}^{majority of those prese}^nt.
^{This require}^{ment only a}^{pplies wh}^{en 7}²
^{hours w}^{ritten notice of mar}^ku^{p h}^{as been}
^given.
^{Indian A}^ffairs^{Taking testimony, one Senator}^{A majority of members co}^nstitut^{e a}^{No provision}
^busines^{s q}^{uorum. A}^quor^{um is}
^pres^{umed to be}^prese^{nt u}^{nless t}^h^e
^absence^{of a q}^{uorum is}^{noted by}^a
^{member. A mea}^sure^{may b}^e
^{reported from t}^{he committee}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{unless a me}^mber^{objects, in whic}^h
^g/w^{case a recorded vote of the}
^s^.or^members^{shall be}^req^uired.
^le^ak^Judiciary^{One Senator to take}^{sworn testi}^mony^{Six members of t}^{he committee t}^o^{If the}^{re has}^bee^{n seve}^{n days}^{notice of the}
^{are req}^{uired to “discuss}^busines^s,”^{agenda and the}^{text of}^proposed^{bill or}
^://wiki^{and eight mem}^{bers, including two}^{resolution has bee}^{n available also seven}
^h^ttp^members^{of the}^{minority, must b}^e^prese^{nt to tran}^{sact b}^usiness.^{days in advance, no first deg}^ree^amendment^{shall be in order}^unle^{ss it is}
^{filed by 5 p.m. the}^{day before}^the^{start of}
^{the meeting. This may}^{be waived}^{by an}
^{agreement of}^{chair a}^{nd ranking}^m^inority
^{member. Motions to strike ar}^{e in}^order
^{without advance filing.}
^{Rules and A}^{dministration}^{Two members of t}^{he committee}^may^{One-third of the}^mem^{bers of t}^h^e^{If the}^{re has}^bee^{n five days}^{notice of}
^{take testimony u}^{nder oath; one}^{committee is the q}^uorum^{for the}^{agenda and the}^{text of}^proposed^{bill or}
^{member is a}^quor^{um if testimony}^is^{transaction of b}^usines^{s, including}^{resolution has bee}^{n available also five}
^unswor^n.^{consideration of amendments.}^{days in advance, no first deg}^ree
^amendment^{shall be in order}^unle^{ss it is}
^{filed by 5 p.m. the}^{day before}^the^{start of}
^{the mark}^{up. This may}^{be waived}^{by the}
^{agreement of}^{chair a}^{nd ranking}^m^inority
^{member. Motions to strike ar}^{e in}^order
^{without advance filing.}

^{Committee/Rule}^{Hearing Quo}^rum^{Business Quorum}^{Amendment Filing Requirements}
^{Small Business and Entrepre}^neurship^{One Senator}^{for all testimony}^{One-third of the}^mem^bers^{hip of}^{No first degree ame}^{ndment is in}^order
^{the committee is req}^{uired for}^unless^{30 copies of it ar}^{e provide}^{d to the}
^{routine b}^{usiness, including at leas}^t^{clerk of the committee two b}^usin^{ess days}
^{one membe}^{r of the}^{minority. This}^{before meeting. This may}^{be waiv}^{ed by an}
^{includes the con}^{sideration of}^{agreement of t}^{he c}^{hair and ra}^nki^ng
^legislat^{ion and voting on}^{member or}^{by a}^{majority vote of the}
^amendments.^committee.
^{Veterans’ Affairs}^{One Senator}^{for taking testimon}^y^{Five members a}^{re a q}^uoru^{m to}^{First degree amendme}^{nts are}^notⁱⁿ
^{conduct b}^usiness^{on ame}^ndment^s^{order unless a w}^{ritten cop}^{y has}^b^een
^{and eight mem}^{bers a}^{re a q}^uoru^m^to^{delivered to each member}^{of the}
^{report a meas}^ure^{or matter. I}ⁿ^{committee 24}^{hours in}^advance.^{This may}
^{both the}^{se instan}^{ces, a q}^uorum^{be waived by a}^{majority vote of the}
^requires^{one mem}^{ber of t}^he^{committee and it only applies if t}^{here was}
^{minority. If a membe}^{r of the}⁷²^hours^{notice of the me}^eting.
^{minority is not prese}^{nt, the}
^busines^{s will lay over one calendar}
^{day. The busines}^{s may t}^hen^be
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{conducted by “a}^pp^ropriate”
^g/w^quoru^m.
^s^.or^{Select Committ}^{ee on Ethics}^{The select committee may fix}^{a lesser}^{A majority of the committee is}^{No provision}
^le^ak^num^{ber as a}^q^uorum^{for the}^pu^r^pose^{required for}^b^{usiness involving}
^{of taking testimony.}^{complaints, or allegati}^{ons of or}
^://wiki^{information about miscondu}^ct.
^h^ttp^{Three mem}^{bers a}^{re re}^{quired for}^{the tra}^{nsaction of other}^routine
^busines^{s, and that}^{must in}^{clude one}
^{majority member and on}^{e minority}
^member.
^{Select Committ}^{ee on Intell}^igence^{One Senator}^{for the}^pu^{rpose of}^{One-third of committee}^{No provision}
^{hearing witnes}^{ses and taking}^sworn^members^{hip is re}^{quired to cond}^u^ct
^{testimony, and receiving evidence}^busines^s.
^{under oath.}
^{Special Committee on Aging}^{One Senator}^{for the}^{receipt of}^{One-third of the}^committee^{No provision}

^{evidence and taking of testimony}^members^{hip is re}^{quired to cond}^u^ct
^busines^{s, provided it includes one}
^{member of t}^{he minority.}

Table 3. Proxy Voting, Polling of Committee, Nominations
^{Committee/Rule}^{Proxy Voting}^{Polling of C}^ommittee^Nominations
^Agric^{ulture, Nutrition and Forestry}^{Voting by proxy}^{as aut}^{horized by}^Senate^{The committee may poll any mat}^ters^{The full committee considers}
^{rules for s}^{pecific bills or subjects}^{shall be}^{of committee busines}^{s, other tha}ⁿ^{nominations. No busines}^{s meetin}^g
^{allowed whenever a q}^uorum^{is p}^resent.^{reporting or closing a meeting,}^{may occur on}^{a nomination on t}^h^e
^{provided that every}^membe^{r is p}^olled^{same day as a}^hearing^{unless t}^he
^{and every}^{poll consists of the}^{chair and ra}^{nking minority me}^mb^er
^follow^{ing two questions: (1) Do you}^{agree. The nominee s}^{hall testify}
^{agree or disagree to poll the}^{under oath.}^{No hearing}^{shall take}
^{proposal; and (2) Do you favor o}^r^{place until 4}⁸^hou^{rs afte}^{r nomine}^e
^{oppose the}^{proposal? If a}^{ny me}^m^ber^{has res}^{ponded to committee}
^reque^{sts, any matt}^{er to be}^{polled may}^{questionnaire.}
^{be held for a me}^{eting. The chief}^c^lerk
^{shall keep a record of all polls.}
^Appr^opriations^Exce^{pt for}^{reporting a}^{bill, proxy voting}^{No provision}^{No provision}
^{may be cas}^{t by a}^{ny m}^embe^{r who}^so
^reque^sts.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{Armed Services}^{Proxy voting is permitted on all}^measures^{No provision}^{Unless otherwise ordered b}^y^the
^g/w^{and matters. A p}^{roxy m}^ust^{be in}^writing,^{committee, nominations shall be}^held
^s^.or^{the mem}^{ber m}^{ust k}^{now what will be}^{decided by the vote and ask}^{to b}^e^so^{at least seven days}^before^being^{voted on.}
^le^ak^recorded.
^://wiki^{Banking, Housing and}^Urbaⁿ^Affairs^{Voting by proxy}^{shall be allowed when}^{No provision}^{Nominations will be considered by}
^h^ttp^{proxy is “s}^{ufficiently clear” on}^ho^{w the}^{Senator wants to b}^e^{recorded. Pr}^oxies^{the committee at least five days a}^fter^{receipt of a completed committe}^e
^{are to be ke}^{pt in committee files}^with^{questionnaire,}^{unless t}^{his is waived}
^{vote tally. Proxies may be withdr}^{awn in}^{by a majority vote of the commit}^tee.
^writing.^{All nominees must testify}^unde^r^oath.

^{Committee/Rule}^{Proxy Voting}^{Polling of C}^ommittee^Nominations
^Budget^{No member}^{may vote}^{by p}^roxy^during^{The committee may poll internal}^{Nominee must}^{testify u}^{nder oath}^.
^{deliberations on the Budget Reso}^lution.^{committee matters, steps i}ⁿ^an^{The staff ma}^{y re}^{port on nominee}^{. A}
^{Proxy votes are}^{permitted on ot}^her^{investigation (including subpoe}^na^s),^{nominee is req}^{uired to file}
^{matters if the}^abse^{nt mem}^ber^has^been^{and other}^busines^{s the}^{committee has}^{biographical and fina}^{ncial statement}
^{informed of the}^{pending matte}^{r a}^nd^{designated to be polled. The chair}^{with committee. No action may t}^ake
^{affirmatively asks to be so re}^corded.^{shall circulate polling sheets to ea}^ch^{place on the}^{nomination u}^{ntil at least}
^member^specifying^{what is to be}⁷²^{hours a}^{fter r}^e^q^{uired pape}^rwork
^{polled and the time limit on the p}^oll^.^{has bee}^{n filed with the}^committee
^{If any}^membe^{r re}^quest^{s, the matt}^er^{and a report}^{by sta}^{ff, if one}
^{shall be held over for a}^meeting.^Any^reque^{sted, has b}^{een give}^{n to the}
^member^{may move at t}^{he commi}^ttee^{chair and ra}^{nking me}^mber.
^{meeting following a poll for a vot}^{e on}
^{the polled decision.}
^{Commerce, Science an}^{d Tra}^nsportation^{Proxy voting is permitted. The Se}^nator^{No provision}^{No provision}
^{may indicate their choice in w}^{riting, by}
^{telephone or t}^hroug^{h pe}^rsonal
^{instructions.}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{Energy an}^{d Natural Resou}^rc^es^{Proxy voting is permitted on all}^matters.^{No provision}^{The testimony of the}^{nominee, a}^nd,
^g/w^{Proxies may be}^{used on t}^{he date}^given^{at the re}^que^{st of any}^membe^{r, an}^y
^s^.or^{and upo}^{n items p}^{ublished on t}^he^agenda^{other witness, s}^{hall be unde}^{r oath.}
^le^ak^{for that day.}^{All nominees must s}^{ubmit a fi}^nan^cial
^{disclosure statement.}
^://wiki^{Environment an}^{d Public}^Wo^rks^{Proxy voting is permitted on all}^matters.^{No provision}^{No provision}
^h^ttp^Membe^{rs may vote}^by^{proxy in}^writing,
^{orally or through p}^{ersonal instr}^u^{ctions. A}
^{proxy given}^{in writing is valid unti}^l
^{revoked; proxy give}^{n orally or by}
^{personal instr}^{uction is valid only on that}
^day.
^Finance^Exce^{pt as}^{prohibited by}^{Senate r}^{ule XXVI,}^{At the discretion of the}^committee,^{Witnesses called to testify on a}
^{proxy voting is}^permitted.^{those membe}^rs^{not recorded as}^{nomination may be}^req^{uired to}
^{having voted during a}^b^usiness^{testify under}^oath.

^{meeting and w}^{ho did not utilize a}
^{proxy vote ma}^{y be}^{polled for the}
^pur^{pose of recording t}^{heir vote.}

^{Committee/Rule}^{Proxy Voting}^{Polling of C}^ommittee^Nominations
^{Foreign Relations}^{Proxies are allowed on all measures,}^{No provision}^{Unless otherwise directed by}^the
^{except t}^{hat t}^{he mem}^ber^{must k}ⁿ^{ow what}^{chair and ra}^{nking me}^{mber, t}^he
^{is under con}^{sideration and affirm}^atively^{committee will not consider a}
^{ask to be recorded}^{by p}^{roxy. A p}^roxy^{nomination until six calendar day}^s
^{must b}^e^{in writing a}^{nd signed.}^{after its su}^{bmission. To be report}^ed
^{to the Senate, each}^nomination^must
^{meet five spe}^{cific criteria including}
^{obtaining a secu}^{rity clearance}^and
^{filing a financial disclosure form with}
^{the committee.}
^{Health, Education, Labor}^an^{d Pensions}^{Proxies are allowed on all measures. The}^{The committee may poll any mat}^ters^{No action on nomination may ta}^ke
^member^must^{know what}^{the ma}^{tter is}^{of committee busines}^{s as a matte}^{r of}^{place until five days afte}^{r nomine}^e
^{under co}^{nsideration and affirmati}^{vely ask}^unanimous^conse^{nt, provided tha}^t^{submits for}^{ms re}^quired^by
^{to be recorded by}^prox^y.^{every mem}^{ber is}^{polled and every}^{committee, this may be waived b}^y
^{poll consists of the following two}^{chair with th}^{e conc}^urre^{nce of t}^h^e
^{questions: (1) Do you agree or}^{ranking mem}^{ber. Nominee}^{s mu}^st
^{disagree to poll the proposal; and (2)}^submit^backgrou^{nd and fina}^ncial
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{Do you favor or oppose t}^he^{interest information.}
^g/w^proposal?
^s^.or^{Homeland Security and Gov}^ernmental^{Proxies on a vote to report ma}^y^{be used}^{The committee or its su}^bcommittees^{The committee shall conduct a}^p^ublic
^le^ak^Affairs^{solely to record a member’s posi}^{tion; the}^{may poll: (1) internal committee or}^{hearing du}^{ring whic}^{h the}^nomine^e
^member^must^{know what}^{the ma}^{tter is}^{subcommittee matte}^{rs, including}^staff,^{shall be called to testify under oa}^th.
^://wiki^{under co}^{nsideration and affirmati}^{vely ask}^{records and b}^{udget; (2) ste}^{ps in a}ⁿ^{A marku}^{p may}^{not occur o}ⁿ^the
^h^ttp^{to be so recorded. The pro}^{xy m}^{ust be}^{filed with the chief committee cle}^{rk, shall}^{investigation, and other committee}^busines^{s. Only the}^{chair or a}^{same day as a}^{hearing. Staff may}^{make an oral p}^{resentation on t}^h^e
^{be in writing a}^{nd shall contain inf}^ormation^{committee member or}^staffe^r^{nominee’s qualifications before t}^h^e
^{to identify the measu}^{re and}^how^the^{designated by chair}^{may condu}^ct^a^marku^p.
^{member wa}^{nts to}^{be recorded.}^{poll. If any membe}^{r re}^quest^{s, the}
^{matter shall be}^{held over for a}
^{meeting. Any mem}^{ber ma}^{y move}^at
^{the committee meeting}^following^a
^{poll for a vote on the polled decision.}
^{Indian A}^ffairs^{Proxy voting is permitted on all}^matters.^{No provision}^{The testimony of the}^{nominee, a}^nd,
^{A proxy}^{may be}^{used only for}^th^{e date}^{at the re}^que^{st of any}^membe^{r, an}^y
^{specified and only u}^{pon the}^items^{other witness, s}^{hall be unde}^{r oath.}
^{specified in the}^pu^{blished agenda}^{for that}^{Nominees shall su}^{bmit a fina}^ncial
^day.^{statement, at the}^{committee’s}
^{specifications, and will swear to it}^s
^accuracy^{and complete}^ness.

^{Committee/Rule}^{Proxy Voting}^{Polling of C}^ommittee^Nominations
^Judiciary^{Proxies are per}^{mitted on anyt}^hin^{g before}^{Provided al}^{l members of a}^{No provision}
^{the committee, and may}^{be done}ⁱⁿ^{subcommittee con}^{sent, any}^matt^er
^{writing, by telephone}^{or per}^sonal^{may be}^{polled out of subcommitt}^ee.
^{instructions. Proxies mu}^{st be}^spe^cific.
^{Rules and A}^{dministration}^{Proxies are allowed on all measures and}^{No provision}^{No provision}
^{matters be}^{fore the}^committee.
^{Small Business and Entrepre}^neurship^{Proxies must}^{be signed and t}^{he S}^enator^{No provision}^{The nominee s}^{hall be called to testify}
^{must assign t}^he^{right to vote to another}^{under oath}^{in all matters related}^to
^{member w}^{ho is pre}^{sent at}^{the m}^eeting.^{his or her}^{nomination for office.}
^{Veterans’ Affairs}^{Proxies must}^{be written}^{and are}^{valid only}^{No provision}^{Nominee’s testimony and, at the}
^{for the day given. The}^{y may cont}^ain^reque^{st of any}^memb^{er, any ot}^he^r
^{personal instr}^uctions.^{witness, shall be u}^{nder oath. No}
^{action on nominee may tak}^{e plac}^e
^{until five days after}^committee
^{receives backg}^{round a}^{nd finan}^cial
^{information, unless this is waived}^by
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{the chair wit}^{h the}^concu^rre^{nce o}^f
^g/w^{ranking mem}^ber.
^s^.or^{Select Committ}^{ee on Ethics}^{Proxy voting is not allowed when}^the^{No provision}^{No provision}

^le^ak^{committee is considering the initiation or}
^{continuation of a p}^{reliminary inq}^{uiry or an}
^://wiki^{adjudicatory review or the issua}ⁿ^{ce of a}
^h^ttp^{recommendation on s}^{uch a}^matt^{er. On}^{other matters, t}^{he committee ma}^{y order}
^{the record}^{be held ope}^{n for a}^bse^nt
^members^{or to record p}^{roxies. Proxies}
^{shall be in writing and}^{shall be delivered}
^{to the chair or vice}^{chair to be}^re^corded.

^{Committee/Rule}^{Proxy Voting}^{Polling of C}^ommittee^Nominations
^{Select Committ}^{ee on Intell}^igence^{Proxies are allowed for any meas}^{ure or}^{No provision}^{Unless otherwise ordered b}^y^the
^{matter. They m}^{ust be}^{in writing, designate}^{committee, nominations shall be}^held
^{a committee member}^{to exercise}^the^{for 14 day}^{s before}^{committee vote.}
^{proxy a}^{nd be limited to a specific}^measure^{No confirmation heari}^{ng may}^be^held
^{or matter and ame}^ndment^{s the}^re^to.^{until seven days}^{after t}^he
^{committee’s receipt of a nomine}^e’s
^backgrou^{nd and fina}^{ncial informat}^ion,
^{unless t}^{he committee votes}
^{otherwise. No committee vote on}
^{the nomination u}^{ntil 48}^hours^aft^er
^transcript^{s of the}^hearing^{are give}ⁿ
^{to committee, unless this is waived}
^{by the}^{committee by}^una^nimous
^consent.
^{Special Committee on Aging}^{No provision}^{The committee may poll internal}^{No provision}

^{committee matters, and other}
^busines^{s the}^{committee has}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{designated to be polled. The chair}
^g/w^{shall circulate polling sheets to ea}^ch
^s^.or^member^specifying^{what is to be}^{polled and the time limit on the p}^oll^.
^le^ak^{If any}^membe^{r re}^quest^{s, the matt}^er
^://wiki^{shall be held over for a}^meeting.^Any^member^{may move at t}^{he commi}^ttee
^h^ttp^{meeting following a poll for a vot}^{e on}
^{the polled decision.}

Table 4. Investigations, Subpoenas, Miscellaneous
^{Committee/Rule Investigations}^Subpoenas^{Miscellaneous}
^Agric^{ulture, Nutrition and Forestry}^{Any investigations involving}^{The chair, with th}^{e ap}^{proval of th}^e
^{depositions or subpoe}^{nas mu}^{st b}^e^{ranking minority mem}^{ber, may}
^{authorized by a majority of the}^fu^ll^{issue su}^bpoena^{s in con}^{nection with}
^{committee at a busi}^{ness meeting.}^{an aut}^{horized investigation. If the}
^{ranking minority mem}^ber^{does n}^ot
^{approve, a majority of the}
^{committee may authorize it. The}
^{chair may issu}^{e su}^bpoe^{na withou}^t
^{approval of the}^ranking^mem^ber,^if
^there^{has be}^en^{no respo}^{nse f}^rom
^{the ra}^{nking mem}^{ber within}⁷²
^hours.
^Appr^opriations^{No provision}^{No provision}^{Any mem}^{ber of t}^{he committee w}^{ho is the}
^{floor manager for an}^ap^{propriations bill}
^{may make points of order}^against
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^amendments^{offered on t}^{he floor in}^violat^{ion of Senate Rules. Attendance of}
^g/w^{staff mem}^{bers at}^{closed sessions of the}
^s^.or^{committee shall be limited to tho}^se
^le^ak^members^{of the}^{committee staff}^{who have}
^{a responsibility associated with th}^{e matter}
^://wiki^{being considered at s}^uch^meeting^{. This may}
^h^ttp^{be waived by}^una^{nimous conse}^nt.
^{Armed Services}^{No provision}^Subpoenas^{shall be iss}^{ued by t}^he^{Unless otherwise ordered, meas}^ures
^{chairman or}^{his designee afte}^r^{referred to t}^{he committee shall b}^e^refer^red
^{consultation with the}^ranking^{by the}^{clerk of the}^{committee to the}
^{minority member}^but^{only whe}ⁿ^approp^{riate departme}^{nt or age}^nc^{y of}
^{authorized by a majority of the}^government^{for re}^{ports th}^ereon.
^committee.
^{Banking, Housing and}^Urbaⁿ^Affairs^{No investigations shall be initiated}^{The chair or s}^{ubcommittee c}^hair,^{At least 67 Senator}^{s mu}^{st cospo}^{nsor any}
^{unless t}^{he Senate, the}^{full committee,}^{with the agree}^{ment of t}^{he ra}^nkin^g^{Congressional Gold Medal or}
^{or the chair a}^{nd ra}^{nking mem}^ber,^have^{minority member, may iss}^ue^{commemorative coin bill or resol}^ution
^{specifically authorized it.}^sub^{poenas for wit}^{nesses. A}^{before th}^{e committee will consid}^{er it.}

^{majority of the committee or}
^{subcommittee also may a}^uthorize
^{the su}^bpoe^na.

^{Committee/Rule Investigations}^Subpoenas^{Miscellaneous}
^Budget^{No provision}^{No provision}^Grap^{hics displays used d}^{uring a}ⁿ^y^meeting
^{or hearings of t}^{he committee are}^{limited to}
^{the following: (1) charts, photogr}^{aphs or}
^{renderings ca}^nnot^{be larger t}^han^{36 inc}^hes
^{by 4}⁸^inc^{hes; (2) m}^ust^{be on a}ⁿ^e^{asel next}
^{to the memb}^{er’s seat or at t}^{he r}^{ear of the}
^{committee room; (3) can only be}^displayed
^{at the time the}^mem^{ber is s}^{peaking; and (4)}
^{no more tha}^{n two may}^{be displayed at one}
^time.
^Commer^{ce, Science an}^{d Tra}^nsportation^{No provision}^{No provision}^{Public hearings of t}^{he f}^{ull committee or any}
^{subcommittee s}^{hall be televised only when}
^{authorized by t}^{he chair a}^{nd the}^r^anking
^{minority member of}^{the f}^{ull committee.}
^{Energy an}^{d Natural Resou}^rc^es^{No investigations shall be initiated}^{A majority of the committee is}^{A legislative measure, nomination or other}
^{unless a majority of the}^{full committee}^{required to issue}^{a su}^bpoe^{na for}^{matter shall be in}^{cluded on the a}^{genda of}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{has spe}^{cifically authorized it.}^{witnesses or docume}^{nts, u}^{nless t}^he^{committee adopts a resolution}^{the ne}^{xt following business}^{meeting of the}^{full committee or subcommittee i}^f^{a written}
^g/w^{during an in}^{vestigation empoweri}^ng^reque^{st for s}^uch^{inclusion has}^be^{en filed}
^s^.or^{the chair, with t}^{he conc}^ur^rence^of^{with the c}^{hair of the}^{committee or}
^le^ak^{the ra}^{nking mem}^{ber, to issue}^{subcommittee at least one}^week^{prior to}
^sub^{poenas within t}^{he sco}^{pe of th}^e^{such meeting.}
^://wiki^{investigation.}
^h^ttp^{Environment an}^{d Public}^Wo^rks^{No provision}^{No provision}^{The committee may not}^{name a}^building,
^struct^{ure or fa}^{cility for any living person,}
^except^{former Pre}^{sidents or for}^{mer Vice}
^{Presidents, former Me}^mber^{s of}^Congress
^{over 70}^{years of age, or form}^{er J}^{ustices of}
^{the United States Sup}^{reme Cour}^{t over 70}
^{years of age or Federal J}^{udges wh}^{o are fully}
^{retired and over 7}⁵^yea^{rs of age,}^{or have}
^{taken se}^{nior status a}^{nd are}^{75 ye}^{ars of age.}

^{Committee/Rule Investigations}^Subpoenas^{Miscellaneous}
^Finance^{No provision}^{A sub}^{poena may}^{be iss}^{ued by t}^h^e^{If the}^{chair determi}^{nes that}^{a mo}^{tion or}
^{chair with th}^{e agreeme}^{nt of t}^he^{amendment has been}^{adequately debated,}
^{ranking minority mem}^ber^{or by a}^{he or sh}^{e may call for a vote on s}^uch
^{majority vote of the committee.}^{motion or amendment, and t}^{he v}^{ote shall}
^then^{be take}^{n, unless t}^{he commit}^{tee votes}
^{to continue debate o}ⁿ^su^{ch moti}^{on or}
^{question, as the}^{case may}^{be. The}^{vote on a}
^{motion to continue debate on a}ⁿ^y^motion
^{or amendment}^{shall be take}^{n wit}^hout
^debate.
^{Foreign Relations}^{No provision}^{A chair or any}^mem^{ber of t}^he^{Insofar as}^{possible, proceedings o}^f^the
^{committee once aut}^{horized by a}^{committee will be conducted without}
^{majority vote of the committee}^{resort to the formalities of parliamentary}
^{shall have the}^aut^{hority to issue}^{procedure a}^{nd with due}^{regard f}^{or the}
^sub^{poenas. Any}^membe^{r may}^{views of all members. Iss}^{ues of p}^rocedure
^reque^{st that t}^{he committee}^{which may a}^{rise from time to tim}^{e shall be}
^{authorize su}^bpoenas^{only at a}^{resolved by a decision from the}^c^{hair, in}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{meeting of the committee.}^{consultation with the}^ranking^min^ority
^g/w^{member. The}^{chair, in cons}^{ultation with the}
^s^.or^{ranking minority mem}^{ber, may}^also^{propose s}^{pecial procedures}^{to govern t}^he
^le^ak^{consideration of particular matte}^{rs by t}^he
^://wiki^committee.
^h^ttp^{Health, Education, Labor}^an^{d Pensions}^{A majority vote of the full committee}^{is required to begin}^{an inv}^estigation.^{The committee may b}^y^majority^{vote allow the chair or}^{No measure}^{or matter}^{may be}^re^ported^{from a su}^{bcommittee u}^{nless a ma}^{jority is}
^{subcommittee c}^{hair or an}^y^prese^{nt that i}^{ncludes one me}^mbe^{r of the}
^{member designat}^{ed by t}^{he c}^hairs^{minority who is subcommittee}^m^{ember. If}
^{to issue sub}^{poenas. Prior to}^{this quor}^{um is not m}^{et beca}^use^{of the}
^{issuance of a}^su^{bpoena, the}^ran^king^absence^{of a minority mem}^{ber, t}^{hen t}^he
^{minority member or}^{any oth}^er^{matter lies over one day. If t}^{he q}^{uorum is}
^{member w}^{ho desires to be, s}^hall^{still not met, a majority of subcommittee}
^{be notified. Subpoenas}^{may only}^be^members^{actually pr}^esent^{may vo}^{te to}
^{issued in cases w}^{here a}^{majority of}^{report meas}^{ure or}^matter.

^{the committee has}^{voted for an}
^{investigation.}

^{Committee/Rule Investigations}^Subpoenas^{Miscellaneous}
^{Homeland Security and Gov}^ernmental^{No provision}^{The chair, with th}^{e ap}^{proval of th}^e^{Reports accompa}^{nying bills or joi}^nt
^Affairs^{ranking mem}^{ber, may}^issue^{resolutions must include a}ⁿ^evalu^ation
^sub^{poenas. Chair may}^issue^{made by th}^{e committee of the}^re^gulatory
^sub^{poena if ra}^{nking minority}^{impact which}^{would be inc}^{urred i}ⁿ^carr^ying
^{member has not}^res^ponded^within^{out the}^{bill or jo}^{int resolution.}
⁷²^{hours (e}^{xcluding Saturdays}^or
^Sundays)^{after being notified}^of
^sub^{poena re}^que^{st. If th}^{e su}^bpoeⁿ^a
^{is disapproved by t}^{he ra}^nking
^{member, a vote of committee}
^members^{may a}^{uthorize it.}
^{Indian A}^ffairs^{No provision}^{The chair, with th}^{e agreeme}^{nt of}^Membe^{rs of the}^{committee are}^u^{rged to}
^{the vice chair (}^{ranking mi}^nority^{make a p}^{ublic disclosure of their}^financial
^{member) or t}^{he committee}^by^{interests on}^{forms to be}^per^fecte^{d by the}
^{majority vote may authorize}^{committee in the same}^man^{ner r}^{equired in}
^{issuance of s}^u^b^poenas.^{the case of Pre}^{sidential nominees.}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^Judiciary^{No provision}^{No provision}^{Any mem}^{ber ma}^{y ask t}^{hat an ite}^{m on an}^{agenda be}^{put ove}^{r for one we}^ek^{or until}
^g/w^{the ne}^{xt committee meeting, w}^{hichever is}
^s^.or^later.
^le^ak^{The chair s}^{hall entertain a}^{non-debatable}
^://wiki^{motion to bring a matter}^before^the^{committee to a vote. The motion}^req^uires
^h^ttp^{10 votes, including one}^membe^r^{of the}
^{minority, to succeed.}
^{Rules and A}^{dministration}^{No provision}^{No provision}^{The chair a}^{nd ranking}^{minority m}^ember
^{acting jointly are authorized to approve}^for
^{the committee any}^{rule or}^regula^{tion for}
^{which th}^{e committee’s app}^{roval is req}^uired,
^{provided advanced notice is given}^to
^{committee members}

^{Committee/Rule Investigations}^Subpoenas^{Miscellaneous}
^{Small Business and Entrepre}^neurship^{No provision}^{The chair may}^{issue a s}^u^b^poena^{Any mem}^{ber of t}^{he committee s}^{hall be}
^{with the cons}^{ent of t}^{he ra}^nking^{empowered to administer the}^{oath to any}
^{minority member or}^{the co}^nsent^{witness testifying as to fa}^ct.
^{of a majority of the committee.}
^{Consent may}^{be given}^{without a}
^{meeting b}^{ut mu}^{st be in}^writing.
^{The chair may}^{issue a s}^u^b^{poena if}
^{ranking minority mem}^ber^has^not
^responded^{within 72 hours}^(not
^{including Saturdays, Sundays a}^nd
^{holidays) after being notified of the}
^sub^{poena re}^que^st.
^{Veterans’ Affairs}^{No provision}^{The chair, with conc}^urre^{nce of t}^he^{Rules limit who Department of V}^eterans
^{ranking minority mem}^ber^{or by}^{Affairs facilities may be nam}^{ed aft}^er.
^{majority vote of committee, may}^{Individuals must be}^{deceased, and}^{meet one}
^{issue su}^bpoena^{s. If the}^ranki^ng^{of four eligibility requirements. Al}^l
^{member does}^{not object within 4}⁸^members^{of the s}^{tate’s congressi}^onal
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL33972}^{hours of}^{being asked a}^bout^{delegation must agree to the}^nam^{ing in}
^g/w^sub^{poena (excluding Sat}^urdays,^{writing, and a majority of the stat}^{e chapte}^rs
^s^.or^{Sundays, and federal holidays) ch}^air^{may issue same.}^{of veterans orga}^{nizations with na}^tional^members^{hip of at least}^50,0⁰⁰^m^{ust agree}
^le^ak^{in writing.}
^://wiki^{Select Committ}^{ee on Ethics}^{The Select Committee shall initia}^{te a}^Subpoenas^may^{be issued}^{by a}^{During the}^transa^{ction of “routin}^e
^h^ttp^preliminary^inq^{uiry upon receipt of}^a^{sworn complaint or othe}^{r allegati}^{on or}^{majority vote of the committee or}^{the chair a}^{nd the}^{vice chair acti}^ng^busines^{s,” any mem}^{ber of}^{the Sel}^ect^{Committee constituting the}^quor^{um shall}
^{information about a me}^{mber, offi}^cer^jointly.^{have the}^{right to post}^{pone f}^urt^he^r
^{or employee of the Senat}^{e. If a}^{discussion of a pending}^matter^un^{til such}
^{preliminary inq}^{uiry s}^{hows su}^bsta^ntial^{time as a majority of the mem}^ber^{s of the}
^{cause, the committee will begin a}ⁿ^{Select Committee are prese}^nt.
^{adjudicatory review of matter.}
^{Select Committ}^{ee on Intell}^igence^{No investigation shall be started}^{by the}^Subpoenas^{are a}^{uthorized by t}^he^{The staff director s}^{hall ensu}^{re th}^{at covert}
^{chair u}^{nless five mem}^{bers of}^the^{committee and may be}^{issued b}^y^{action programs of t}^{he U.S. governme}^nt
^{committee have s}^{pecifically reque}^sted^{chair, vice chair or a}^nyone^{“receive ap}^{propriate considerati}^{on” by t}^he
^it.^{designated by the}^chair.^{committee at least once a q}^uarte^r.
^{Special Committee on Aging}^{All investigati}^{ons shall be condu}^ct^ed^Subpoenas^{shall be iss}^{ued by}^chai^r.^{Investigative report}^{s containing}^{findings or}
^{on a bipartisan}^basis^{by staf}^{f and}^may^{Ranking membe}^{r s}^{hall be notified}^{recommendations based o}ⁿ^{an in}^vestigation
^{be initiated by staff,}^{upon a}^p^p^{roval of}^{about conte}^{nts of s}^u^b^poena.^{may be}^{printed only with t}^{he a}^p^p^{roval of a}
^{chair and ra}^{nking me}^mber.^{majority of committee members.}

^Be^t^s^y^Pa^lm^e^r
^An^al^y^s^{t on}^t^h^e^C^ong^res^s^aⁿ^{d L}^e^gⁱ^s^l^at^iv^{e P}^r^oces^s
^bpal^m^er^@^c^rs^.l^oc.g^ov^{, 7}^-⁰³⁸¹